王忠菊，尚邵兴，张晓慧，黄欣，黄如敏.重庆市渝北区疾病预防控制中心，重庆　400；重庆市渝北区第二人民医院药剂科，重庆　400



2015年重庆市渝北区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况分析

王忠菊1，尚邵兴1，张晓慧1，黄欣1，黄如敏2
1.重庆市渝北区疾病预防控制中心，重庆401120；重庆市渝北区第二人民医院药剂科，重庆401120

目的分析重庆市渝北区2015年恶性肿瘤发病及死亡情况，为肿瘤防治提供科学依据。方法根据渝北区恶性肿瘤登记报告资料，对恶性肿瘤的发病及死亡进行流行病学分析。结果①2015年渝北区新发肿瘤4 072例，粗发病率为300.91/10万，标化率为215.66/10万；男性发病率（379.32/10万）高于女性（219.73/10万）。②2015年渝北区恶性因肿瘤死亡2 803例，粗死亡率为207.13/10万，标化死亡率为146.18/10万。男性死亡率（288.23/10万）高于女性（123.18/10万）。③男性恶性肿瘤发病和死亡较高的是肺癌、肝癌和食管癌；女性以肺癌、乳腺癌和宫颈癌居多。④随着年龄的增大，肿瘤发病率和死亡率呈上升趋势。结论呼吸和消化系统肿瘤是威胁居民健康的主要肿瘤，女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌发病率较高。老年人群是恶性肿瘤的高危发病人群。

恶性肿瘤；发病率；死亡率

［Abstract］Objective To analyze the incidence and death situation of malignant tumor in Yubei district in Chongqing in 2015 and provide scientific basis for prevention and cure of tumors.Methods The incidence and death of malignant tumors were given epidemiology analysis according to the malignant tumor registration report data in Yubei district.Results①4072 cases were with de novo tumors in Yubei district in 2015，the crude incidence rate was 3009.1/100 thousand，standardized rate was 2156.6/100 thousand，the male incidence rate was higher than that in female［（3793.2/100 thousand）vs（2197.3/100 thousand）］.②2803 cases died due to the malignant tumors in Yubei district in 2015，the crude death rate was 2071.3/100 thousand，the standardized death rate was 1461.8/100 thousand，the female death rate was higher than that in female［（2882.3/100 thousand）vs（1231.8/100 thousand）］.③The incidence rate and death rate of lung cancer，liver cancer and esophageal cancer were higher in male；lung cancer，breast cancer and cervical carcinoma were more in female.④With the increase of ages，the incidence rate and death rate of tumors showed an increasing trend.Conclusion The tumors in the respiratory and digestive system are the main ones threatening the people's health，and the incidence rates of breast cancer and cervical carcinoma in female are higher，and the senile group is the high-risk incidence group with malignant tumors.

［Key words］Malignant tumor；Incidence rate；Death rate

近年来我国肿瘤发病率呈逐年升高的趋势，据中国肿瘤登记年报统计，我国2015年估计有429.2万新发肿瘤病例。而且肿瘤也是导致我国居民死亡的主要原因之一，仅次于循环系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病［1］。肿瘤不仅对人民健康带来严重威胁，也给患者及家属带来沉重的经济负担。研究表明，肿瘤患者平均医药费用达两万余元［2］，对于食管癌和肝癌等患者，医疗费用则更高［3］。……