鄱阳湖棉区2015年引进早熟棉新品种展示
2016-08-15胡树明孙亮庆樊首品杨磊
胡树明 孙亮庆 樊首品 杨磊



摘要:通过引进早熟棉花新品种8个,在鄱阳湖棉区4个主产棉县进行展示。结果表明:一是8个早熟棉品种的早熟性均较好,生育期与对照赣棉Z006相比要短8.1~16.1 d,主要表现为出苗至现蕾、开花至吐絮的天数较短;二是始果枝节位低;三是纤维品质表现一般,在今后的早熟棉培育中要加强对纤维品质性状的选择;四是徐棉608、邯258综合表现较好,推荐其作为鄱阳湖棉区试种的早熟棉品种。
关键词:鄱阳湖棉区;棉花;早熟品种;展示
中图分类号: S562.037 文献标识码: A 文章编号:2095-3143(2016)04-0040-06
Abstract: Eight new early-maturing cotton varieties which were introduced were exhibited in 4 main cotton production county in Poyang Cotton Area. The results showed: first, the early maturity of 8 early-maturing cotton varieties were both better, the growth period was shorter than the control variety Gangmian Z006, i.e. 8.1~16.1 d, it mianly showed short from seedling to budding and flowering to boll opening; second, the first fruiting branches node was low; third, the performance of fiber quality was just OK, so it should be strenghten the selection of fiber quality in early-maturing cotton cultivation in the future; forth, the cotton varieties of Xumian 608 and Han258 with good comprehensive performance were recommended as the early-maturing cotton variety (plant experimentally) in Poyang Lake Cotton Area .
Key words: Poyang Lake Cotton Area; Cotton; Early-maturing variety; Exhibition
0 引言
随着城镇化建设步伐的加快,农村劳力日益紧缺,作为生产周期长、投工投劳(劳力)较多而机械化生产程度低的作物,棉花面临着生产比较效益大幅下降,种植规模大幅萎缩的局面[1-3]。因此,急需适宜轻简化种植、适宜机采的品种和技术。发展早熟棉直播及减少采收次数是稳定江西省棉花种植面积、促进江西省棉花农业现代化的必由之路[2]。江西省棉花研究所自2011年来,引进了中国农业科学院棉花研究所等科研院所研发的中棉所50、中916、中425、夏早1号、夏早3号、邯686等早熟(短季)棉新品种进行了系列的试验示范研究[4-7],并开展了早熟棉直播连作栽培技术应用。这为改善长江流域棉区农业和农村产业结构调整带来的弊端,促进该地区棉花产业规模化经营和集约化运作,大大地降低棉花种植成本,大幅度地缓解棉农劳力强度[8]具有重要意义。
2015年,国家棉花产业技术体系鄱阳湖综合试验站、江西省棉花研究所通过征集国家棉花产业技术体系内育种家新育出的早熟棉花新品种8个,在彭泽、湖口、都昌、德安县进行品种展示,以筛选出适合鄱阳湖棉花种植的早熟棉花新品种。……
