高媛媛王育梅赵晓川李娜宋美王岚马文有王丽萍王学义

孕期经历地震应激对成年子代执行及记忆功能的影响☆

高媛媛*王育梅*赵晓川*李娜*宋美*王岚*马文有△王丽萍△王学义*

目的探讨孕期暴露于唐山地震对子代成年后执行和记忆功能的影响。方法研究对象为唐山开滦矿业集团职工，纳入其母亲妊娠时经历唐山地震者251名为地震暴露组，母亲于地震后次年相应时间妊娠即未经历唐山地震者341名为对照组，并根据地震时母亲妊娠时间将地震暴露组分为孕晚期地震暴露组、孕中期地震暴露组、孕早期地震暴露组。采用威斯康星卡片分类测验（Wisconsin card sorting test，WCST）测试执行功能，简易视觉空间记忆测验—修订版（brief visuospatial memory test-revised，BVMT-R）测试记忆功能。结果两组间WCST各指标无统计学差异（P＞0.05），地震暴露组BVMT-R总分低于对照组［（25.54±7.45）vs.（27.28± 7.10），P＜0.01］。地震暴露组中，孕期与性别因素对WCST中非持续性错误数存在交互作用（P＜0.05），其中孕晚期地震暴露组男性较女性更高（P＜0.01）。孕期对BVMT-R总分主效应具有统计学意义（P＜0.05），孕晚期和孕中期地震暴露组低于孕早期地震暴露组（均P＜0.05），但性别主效应及孕期和性别的交互作用均没有统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论唐山地震对孕中期（4～6个月）和孕晚期（7～9个月）胎儿成年后的记忆功能具有潜在影响，孕晚期男性子代成年后执行功能较同期遭受地震应激的女性子代稍差。

应激妊娠性别执行功能视觉空间记忆

【Abstract】Objective To investigate the effect of Tangshan earthquake stress on the executive and memory func⁃tion in adults.Methods The objects were recruited from Tangshan Kailuan Mining Group.The exposed group included 251 subjects whose mothers exposed to the Tangshan earthquake during pregnancy in 1976.The control group included 341 subjects whose mothers was pregnant the year after the Tangshan earthquake.According to mother's pregnancy time relative to the earthquake exposed group was divided into 3 subgroups：the late pregnancy of earthquake exposed group，the second trimester of earthquake exposed group and the early pregnancy of earthquake exposed group.Wisconsin Card Sorting Test（WCST）was used to evaluate executive function，Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised（BVMT-R）was used to evaluate memory function.Results The index of WCST were not different between two groups（P＞0.05）.Com⁃pared with control group，BVMT-R total scores were lower in earthquake exposed group［（25.54±7.45）vs.（27.28±7.10），

☆国家自然科学基金面上项目（编号：81271489）；河北省科技支撑重大项目（编号：09276103D）；河北省自然科学基金面上……