赵娟熊峰鲍美华张玉茜周少鸿曾杰李广意李建明

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酒精对幼鼠海马神经组织发育及Kainate受体的影响☆

赵娟*熊峰*鲍美华*张玉茜*周少鸿*曾杰*李广意*李建明*

目的探讨酒精对幼鼠神经组织发育及红藻氨酸（kainate，KA）受体表达的影响。方法从小鼠P7龄开始，用20%酒精皮下注射法建立胎儿酒精系列紊乱（fetal alcohol spectrum disorder，FASD）模型并以生理盐水注射的幼鼠为对照组（酒精实验组80只，对照组40只），两组各每天测量体重，并观察一般生物学特性，建模完成后进行Morrirs水迷宫行为学检测。另取P7小鼠30只（酒精实验组15只，对照组15只），皮下注射酒精和生理盐水24h后取脑组织进行FJB染色。免疫荧光法检测KA受体亚型KA1、KA2、GluR-6及GFAP的表达情况。结果注射3周后，与对照组相比，实验组小鼠体重增长速度明显降低（对照组21.13g±1.72g，实验组13.96g±2.98g，P＜0.05）；Morrirs水迷宫实验发现，实验组较对照组逃避潜伏期时间明显延长（对照组21.05s±5.31s，实验组34.15s±3.26s，P＜0.05），穿越平台次数也明显减少（对照组2.70次±1.25次，实验组0.93次±0.80次，F=2.505，P＜0.05）；GFAP荧光结果显示实验组小鼠从酒精注射7 d开始星形胶质细胞发育发生异常；FJB结果显示实验组皮质、海马、丘脑都有神经元细胞大量死亡；实验组小鼠P14龄GluR-6和KA2亚型在海马CA区表达有上调。结论海马CA区KA受体GluR-6和KA2亚型可能与酒精影响的幼鼠海马神经组织发育有关。

酒精神经细胞星形胶质细胞KA受体

ZHAO Juan，XIONG Feng，BAO Meihua，ZHANG Yuqian，ZHOU Shaohong，ZENG Jie，LI Guangyi，LI Jianming.De⁃partment of Anatomy，Histology and Embryology，ChangshaMedical University，Changsha 410219.Tel：0731-88498021.

【Abstract】Objectives To investigate the effects of ethanol on neural development and kainate receptor expression in young mice.Methods Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder model was established by administration of 20%ethanol solu⁃tion to 7-day-old Kunming mice and control animals received physiological saline（The number of treatment and control were 80 and 40，respectively）.Body weight and general biological features were observed every day.Morris water maze was used to test learning and memory ability.Fluoro-Jade B was used to examine neural cells 24 hours after treatment in additional thirty 7-day-old Kunming mice which were further divided into two groups：a treatment group receiving 20% ethanol solution（n=15）and a control group receiving physiological saline（n=15）.The development of neural cells and expression levels of kainite receptors were examined by using immunofluorescence staining.Results The body weight was significantly lighter in treatment group than in control group（control：21.13±1.72g，treatment：13.96±2.98g，P＜0.05）.Morris test showed that model group had longer latency than control group to find hidden platform（control：21.05± 5.31s，treatment：34.15±3.26s，P＜0.05）.Spatial probe test revealed that the number of passing through the platform were significantly smaller in model group than in control group（control：2.70±1.25 times，treatment：0.93±0.80 times，P＜0.05）.Astrocyte development anomaly was evident after ethanol treatment for 7 days.The expression levels of kainite re⁃ceptor GluR-6 and KA2 were up-regulated in the CA region of the hippocampus after ethanol treatment for 7 days.Conclusion Kainite receptor GluR-6 and KA2 in CA region of the hippocampus may contribute to ethanol-induced hippo⁃campal neural development anomaly.

【Key Words】Ethanol Nerve cells Astroglia cells Kainate receptor

胎儿酒精系列紊乱（fetal alcohol spectrum dis⁃order，FASD）是指酒精相关性胎儿发育障碍，如酒精相关性疾病、酒精相关性生理缺陷、酒精相关性神经系统发育障碍等，包含胎儿和婴幼儿酒精暴露所致的发育、生理、心理、行为和学习等方面的问题［1，2］。……