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老年慢性病出院患者日常生活能力的影响因素分析

2016-06-15

上海医药 2016年10期
关键词:老年人

摘 要 目的:了解老年慢性病出院患者日常生活能力的影响因素,为制订针对性的出院指导提供依据。方法:采用日常生活能力调查问卷对232例出院老年慢性病患者进行调查,分析老年慢性病出院患者日常生活能力状况。结果:年龄、有无配偶、有无子女、体育活动频率与生活活动能力评分相关(P<0.05)。无子女及有2个以上子女老人的生活能力评分相对较低。结论:社区全科医生应关注老年慢性病患者,特别是高龄、无配偶、无子女生活自理能力差的患者,有针对性地做好出院指导,从而提高老年慢性病患者的生活质量。

关键词 慢性疾病 日常生活能力 老年人

中图分类号:R161.7 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2016)10-0049-03

Analysis of the influencing factors on the daily living ability of the discharged elderly

patients with chronic diseases

CHEN Jianqiang1, ZHOU Jianhong1, WANG Jianfang1, MA Xiuqiang2(1. Zhenxin Community Health Service Center of Jiading District, Shanghai 201824, China; 2. Statistical Department of the Second Military

Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the influencing factors of the daily living ability of the elderly discharged patients with chronic diseases to provide a basis for the development of the targeted discharge guidance. Methods: A survey of 232 cases of the elderly discharged patients with chronic diseases was carried out with the daily life ability questionnaire to analyze their daily living conditions. Results: The differences of life activity ability scores in the age, whether there were spouse and children, and sports frequency were related to the scores of life activity ability(P<0.05). The life ability score of the elderly people without children or with 2 or more was relatively low. Conclusion: The community general practitioners should pay attention to the elderly patients with chronic diseases, especially to the advanced age, no spouse and children patients with the poor self-care ability, and do the discharge guidance well so as to improve the quality of their life.

KEY WORDS elderly people; chronic disease; daily living ability

随着社会经济的发展,生活水平的提高以及社会压力的加大,我国人群的疾病谱和死因谱发生了重大变化,以心脑血管疾病为代表的慢性非传染性疾病(简称慢性病)发病率逐年上升,甚至还出现了年轻化的趋势,已成为我国重要的公共卫生问题之一。慢性病病因复杂、病程长,常需长期甚至终身治疗,对人群健康影响显著,社会负担增加明显,严重吞噬着我国经济发展的成果[1]。慢性病患者疾病治疗过程漫长,虽然在住院期间大部分的健康问题都得到解决,但是很多患者在回家后仍会出现不同程度的健康问题。日常生活能力是反映老年人健康状态的客观指标之一,也间接反映了老年人的健康生命质量水平[2]。本课题分析研究嘉定区真新街道老年慢性病出院老人的日常活动能力,以期为后期开展老年慢性病出院患者居家延续性医疗康复奠定基础。

1 对象与方法

1.1 一般资料

调查2015年1-6月嘉定区真新地区老年慢性病出院患者236例,删除部分不符合研究标准者,共232例参与了研究,占调查总人数的98.3%。……

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