解峰+卫建军+陶勤芳

摘 要 目的：调查社区居民高血压的患病率，分析社会经济状况各指标（受教育程度、职业性质、收入、婚姻状况）和高血压之间的关系，为重点人群的干预提供科学依据。方法：随机选取奉贤区下辖某社区居民2 500人，通过问卷调查获取其受教育程度、职业性质、收入、婚姻状况等信息，同时，对调查对象进行血压测量并记录结果，然后进行系统的专业分析。结果：调查人群的高血压患病率为17%，男、女高血压患病率分别为17.2%、16.9%。患病率最高者为61岁以上人群，达33.6%。除婚姻状况外，其余社会经济状况指标与高血压患病均有关。结论：社会经济状况各指标与高血压发病率紧密关联，对不同社会经济状况的人群进行早期干预可以预防高血压的发生。

关键词 高血压 社会经济状况 危险因素

中图分类号：R544.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2016）10-0046-03

Research of the relationship between the socioeconomic conditions and hypertension in the community population

XIE Feng， WEI Jangjun， TAO Qinfang

（ Wusi Community Health Service Center of Fengxian District， Shanghai 201423， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To investigate the prevalence rate of hypertension in the community residents and analyze the relationship between the indicators of socioeconomic conditions（education level， professional nature， income and marital status） and hypertension to provide a scientific basis for the intervention of the key population. Methods： A total of 2 500 people were randomly selected in a community under the jurisdiction of Fengxian District， and through the questionnaire survey their education level， professional nature， income， marital status and other information were obtained， at the same time， the blood pressures of the research objects were measured and their results were recorded， then the professional analysis was conducted systematically. Results： The prevalence rate of hypertension was 17% in the research objects， and the prevalence rates of hypertension in the male and female were 17.2% and 16.9%， respectively. The highest prevalence rate was in the population over 61 years old， reaching 33.6%. In addition to the marital status， the other indicators of socioeconomic conditions were related to the prevalence of hypertension. Conclusion： The indicators of socioeconomic conditions are closely related to the prevalence rate of hypertension， and early intervention can prevent the occurrence of hypertension in the population with different socioeconomic conditions.

KEY WORDS socioeconomic condition； risk factor； hypertension

高血压病是指在静息状态下动脉收缩压和（或）舒张压增高≥140/90 mmHg，常伴有脂肪和糖代谢紊乱以及心、脑、肾和视网膜等器官功能性或器质性改变，以器官重塑为特征的全身性疾病。现代社会发展速度越来越快，人们生活节奏也随之加快，更多的需要注意力高度集中又少体力活动的职业，使得高血压的发病率明显增高。高血压的预防与治疗已经迫在眉睫，刻不容缓。本文旨在通过调查辖区内人群社会经济状况及高血压发病状况，探讨社区人群社会经济状况与高血压发病之间的关系，为社区重点人群的高血压防治提供理论依据和支持。……