社区癌症患者疼痛护理近况及建议
2016-06-15朱慧吴秀琴
朱慧+吴秀琴
摘 要 疼痛是癌症患者最常见的自觉症状,严重影响患者的生活质量,有效控制癌性疼痛对改善患者的生活质量有十分重要的意义,使患者能真正地在生命的最后阶段活得有质量、有尊严。近年来,随着社区医疗卫生的发展,通过有效的护理干预减轻晚期癌症患者的疼痛已越来越受到重视,但也存在很多不足,本文概述其近况及建议。
关键词 肿瘤 疼痛 社区护理
中图分类号:R730.59/R473.73 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2016)10-0039-03
Current status of pain nursing for the cancer patients in the community and its suggestions
ZHU Hui, WU Xiuqing
(Pengpu Community Health Service Center of Zhabei District, Shanghai 200072, China)
ABSTRACT Pain is the most common self-conscious symptom of the cancer patients, and seriously influences the quality of their life. Effective control of cancer pain has very important significance to improve the quality of life of the patients, which makes them really live with quality and dignity at the last stage of life. In recent years, with the development of the community medical and health care, alleviating the pain of patients with advanced cancer through the effective nursing intervention has received more and more attention, but there are also some shortcomings. This article introduces the current status of pain nursing for the cancer patients and its suggestions.
KEY WORDS cancer; pain; community nursing
研究表明癌症患者中约50%存在不同程度疼痛,其中40%~50%是中、重度疼痛,25%~30%是剧烈疼痛[1]。金陶等[2]通过电话回访发现,居家癌性疼痛患者的疼痛控制状况不佳,药物不良反应多。有研究发现社区癌症患者的疼痛发生率为72%,疼痛数字评分法(NRS)评分为6.4分,90%患者的NRS评分超过5分,25%患者未接受任何止痛治疗[3]。有调查显示,上海地区晚期癌症患者,尤其是不再进行放、化疗等积极处理或处于临终阶段者主要在小医院、诊所或家中休养[4],只有少数患者进入临终关怀机构,而其中70%以上存在疼痛,是癌性疼痛管理的重要对象。晚期癌症患者经过手术和放、化疗等,身心俱惫,在回到社区休养后,所面临的是姑息性治疗护理,疼痛是影响患者生活质量不可忽视的方面,减轻患者疼痛、提高生存质量是社区癌性疼痛护理的基础。
1 社区癌症患者疼痛护理近况
疼痛是影响晚期癌症患者生活质量的重要因素,让癌症晚期患者进入社区病房,给予有针对性的护理与健康教育,可以有效缓解疼痛,取得良好的效果[5]。……
