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我国牦牛肉分级标准体系研究现状与发展趋势

2016-06-07牛珺孙宝忠余群力张丽谢鹏雷元华王莉1,李海鹏2

肉类研究 2016年5期

牛珺 孙宝忠 余群力 张丽 谢鹏 雷元华 王?莉1,李海鹏2

摘 要:牛肉等级评价体系是将质量和产量参差不齐的牛肉按照一定的标准划分成不同等级,不仅实现了优质优价的原则,更满足了消费者的选择。世界上许多国家都已拥有自己独立的牛肉分级制度,我国近年来也制定了相关的牛肉分级标准,但适应范围太窄,且暂无牦牛肉分级标准。本文主要介绍了国内外牛肉分级体系现状,各国分级体系存在的差异,以及高新技术的应用和我国牦牛肉分级存在的问题和不足。

关键词:牦牛肉;分级标准;分级技术;

Current Status and Development Trend of Yak Meat Grading System in China

NIU Jun1, SUN Baozhong2, YU Qunli1, ZHANG Li1,2,*, XIE Peng2, LEI Yuanhua2, WANG Li1, LI Haipeng2

(1.College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;

2.Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)

Abstract: Beef grading system is intended to divide beef samples of uneven quality and yield into different grades according to certain criteria, not only achieving the principle of ‘high price for high quality but meeting consumer preferences as well. Many countries in the world have established their own beef grading systems. Although the beef grading standard has been formulated in China, it only applies to a narrow range and yak meat grading standard is currently still lacking. This article is concerned with the current status and differences of beef grading systems in China and abroad, the applications of high and new technologies in this field, and the problems and flaws with yak meat grading in China.

Key words: yak meat; grading standards; grading technology

DOI:10.15922/j.cnki.rlyj.2016.05.009

中图分类号:TS251 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2016)05-0042-05

引文格式:

牛珺, 孙宝忠, 余群力, 等. 我国牦牛肉分级标准体系研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 肉类研究, 2016, 30(5): 42-46. DOI:10.15922/j.cnki.rlyj.2016.05.009. http://rlyj.cbpt.cnki.net

NIU Jun, SUN Baozhong, YU Qunli, et al. Current status and development trend of yak meat grading system in china[J]. Meat Research, 2016, 30(5): 42-46. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI:10.15922/j.cnki.rlyj.2016.05.009. http://rlyj.cbpt.cnki.net

牦牛是我国高海拔地区的优势畜种,世界上超过95%的牦牛分布在中国以青藏高原为中心的高山草原地区[1]。牦牛因其常年生活在高海拔、低气压、低气温、昼夜温差大、辐射强的地区,这一特殊的生态环境条件,形成了其特有的体质形态和机体性能,因此与其他牛种在肉产量、肉品质、营养等方面各有不同[2-3]。国外畜牧业发达国家很早就建立了牛肉等级制度,并不断修订,这不仅保障了本国牛肉市场的和谐稳定发展,也保障了牛肉从屠宰分割到消费者购买的公平公正。此外,还可以促进肉牛饲养、屠宰、牛肉制品加工协调发展,使牛肉生产水平不断提高[4]。

我国牛肉分级标准的研究和制定起步较晚,先后颁布了NY/T 676—2003《牛肉质量分级》[5],NY/T 676—2010《牛肉等级规格》[6](2003年的修订版),SB/T 10637—2011《牛肉分级》[7]。……

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