4 ℃冷藏条件下长丰鲢尸僵过程中的品质变化规律
2016-06-07刘晓畅蒋妍申松罗永康
刘晓畅 蒋妍 申松 罗永康



摘 要:为了解冷藏条件下长丰鲢在尸僵过程中的品质变化规律,分别测定宰杀后长丰鲢在4 ℃贮藏条件下72 h内的品质指标(质构、三磷酸腺苷(adenosine-5-triphosphate,ATP)关联物含量、pH值、蒸煮损失和离心损失)。结果表明:鱼体的硬度和咀嚼性在死后24 h达到最大值,弹性和内聚性随时间的延长而下降;ATP含量在2 h时显著上升,肌苷酸(inosine-5-monophosphate,IMP)含量在4 h时达到较大值,并在4~36 h内保持缓慢增高,肌苷(inosine,HxR)和次黄嘌呤(hypoxanthine,Hx)含量分别在48 h和72 h时显著增加,K值在72 h贮藏过程中一直上升,并在36 h内保持在20%的高鲜度范围内;pH值在24 h达到最小值,且pH值与硬度之间存在较好的相关性
(r=-0.807);离心损失和蒸煮损失在12 h达到最大值,之后显著下降。
关键词:长丰鲢;尸僵;冷藏;品质;鲜度
Postmortem Changes of Changfeng Silver Carp during Storage at 4 ℃
LIU Xiaochang, JIANG Yan, SHEN Song, LUO Yongkang*
(College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)
Abstract: In order to investigate the postmortem changes of Changfeng silver carp during chilled storage, quality indicators (texture, adenosine-5-triphosphate (ATP) related compounds, pH value, cooking loss and centrifugation loss) during storage at 4 ℃ within 72 h postmortem were determined. Hardness and chewiness reached the maximum level at 24 h, while springiness and cohesiveness declined with time. ATP content increased significantly at 2 h after slaughter. Inosine-5-monophosphate (IMP) reached its peak at 4 h postmortem and maintained this level during 4–36 h, meanwhile, inosine (HxR) and hypoxanthine (Hx) increased significantly at 48 h and 72 h, respectively. The K-value increased throughout the storage time and stayed below 20% within 36 h. The lowest pH value occurred at 24 h, and a high correlation between pH value and hardness was found (r = ? 0.807). Both centrifugation loss and cooking loss reached their peaks at 12 h, and decrease significantly thereafter.
Key words: Changfeng silver carp; rigor mortis; chilled storage; quality; freshness
DOI:10.15922/j.cnki.rlyj.2016.05.005
中图分类号:S984 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2016)05-0020-05
引文格式:
刘晓畅, 蒋妍, 申松, 等. 4 ℃冷藏条件下长丰鲢尸僵过程中的品质变化规律[J]. 肉类研究, 2016, 30(5): 20-24. DOI:10.15922/j.cnki.rlyj.2016.05.005. http://rlyj.cbpt.cnki.net
LIU Xiaochang, JIANG Yan, SHEN Song, et al. Postmortem changes of changfeng silver carp during storage at 4 ℃[J]. Meat Research, 2016, 30(5): 20-24. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI:10.15922/j.cnki.rlyj.2016.05.005. http://rlyj.cbpt.cnki.net
与陆生动物相比,鱼类由于营养丰富、含水量高、蛋白酶活性高,所以在死后更易发生品质变化。Oca?o-higuera等[1]研究了小鲨鱼冰藏过程中的品质变化,发现三磷酸腺苷(adenosine-5-triphosphate,ATP)在24 h内即迅速分解。Suarez等[2]发现海鲷在4 ℃的冷藏条件下,硬度和保水性在24 h内即发生了显著变化。Wang等[3]研究发现草鱼在死后6 h内肌原纤维碎片和肌动球蛋白分离显著增加,从而引起草鱼质构的变化。鱼死后品质变化的过程可分为早期生化变化、僵直与解僵、自溶、腐败变质4 个阶段。其中僵直可以推迟腐败过程的发生,处于僵直期的鱼,其鲜度与鲜活鱼几乎无差别,通常所说的保鲜就是尽可能延长从死后到解僵的时间[4]。……
