白云锋

（中南财经政法大学法学院，湖北武汉430073）



法官责任制改革的地方实践与思考

白云锋

（中南财经政法大学法学院，湖北武汉430073）

［摘要］在中国司法行政化的背景下，法官责任制改革包含“让审理者裁判”“由裁判者负责”双重含义，改革进程中二者不可偏废。各地法官责任制的改革实践中，从这两个方面出发，采取了1.建立以审判团队为形式的主审法官责任制2.规范裁判文书签发机制3.限缩审判委员会讨论案件的范围4.成立法官惩戒委员会5.建立办案质量终身负责制6.建立信息公开制度等措施来保障法官独立，明确审判责任。开始近一年半的地方改革实践，取得了一定的成效，但也面临着诸如监督考评机制缺位，改革信息公开不充分，法官错案责任终身追究制与结果追责模式之科学性等待完善之处。应该建立以人大常委会下的专门委员会为主体的第三方监督考评机构；督促改革地方及时通过网络等便民渠道发布改革信息；修正法官错案责任终身追究制为错案确定时效起算制，更新错案结果责任模式为行为责任模式。

［关键词］司法改革；法官责任制；地方实践；错案责任

The Local Practice and Thinking of Judge Responsibility system Reform

BAI Yun-fang
(Zhongnan University of Economice and Law,Wuhan China 430023)

［Abstract］Under the background of Chinese administration of justice,the judge responsibility system reform contain"let the trial judge who""the referee is responsible for"double meaning,in the process of the reform of the two can be neglected.Around the judge responsibility in the practice of reform,from the two aspects of take 1.Establishment of the trial team for the form of the presiding judge liability of the normative documents referee issued mechanism.Limit shrinkage judicial committee to discuss the scope of cases 4.Set up disciplinary committee of judges.Investigators established the responsible for the quality of life of 6.The establishment of information disclosure system and other measures to ensure the independence of judge,a clear responsibility for the trial.Started nearly a year and a half of the local reform practice,and achieved certain results,but is also facing such as supervision and evaluation mechanism is absent,reform of information disclosure is not sufficient,judge misjudged case responsibility lifelong accountability accountability system and the mode of scientific waiting for improvement.Should establish the special committee under the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for the main body of the third party supervision and evaluation mechanism;urge the reform of local in a timely manner through the network and convenient channels reform and information release;correction judge misjudged case responsibility lifelong accountability misjudged determined prescription starting system, update misjudged the responsibility model for behavior responsibility model.

［Keyword］judicial reform;judge responsibility system;local practice;responsibility for misjudged cases.

自中共中央十八届三中全会决定开始新一轮的司法改革以来，在近两年的时间里，司法改革由宏观层面的顶层设计逐步推进到中观、微观层面的具体实践。2014年6月，中央全面深化改革领导小组第三次会议审议通过的《关于司法体制改革试点若干问题的框架意见》，公布了第一批上海、广东、吉林、贵州、海南、青海和湖北7个司法改革试点地区。……