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基于六种回归模型对门急诊量的预测

2016-02-27高洪达陈荷冯启明

中国现代医生 2015年25期

高洪达+陈荷+冯启明

[摘要] 目的 比较直线回归模型、对数曲线模型、二次曲线模型、三次曲线模型、幂函数曲线模型、指数曲线模型六种模型在预测广西全区医院门急诊人次数上的准确性,为决策者提供科学的参考依据。 方法 依据2004~2011年广西全区医院门急诊人次数数据,分别采用直线回归模型、二次曲线模型、三次曲线模型、对数曲线模型、幂函数曲线模型、指数曲线模型对2012年门急诊人次数进行预测,并选用决定系数R2、绝对误差、相对误差等指标评价模型。 结果 直线、二次曲线、三次曲线、对数曲线、幂函数曲线、指数曲线模型的R2分别为0.999、0.999、0.999、0.998、0.997、0.997;相对误差分别为5.5%、4.8%、5.1%、13.1%、12.2%、3.0%。 结论 六种模型R2均在0.99以上,拟合效果较好,从预测误差来看,指数曲线模型误差相对最小,本案宜选用指数函数曲线模型。

[关键词] 回归模型;门急诊人次数;预测

[中图分类号] R197.3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2015)25-0119-03

Forecasting the number of outpatient by six regression models

GAO Hongda CHEN He FENG Qiming

Guangxi Medical University School of Information Management Health Service Management, Nanning 530021, China

[Abstract] Objective To compare the effects on forecasting the number of outpatient and emergency patients in total hospitals of Guangxi by the regression of Linear, Quadratic, Cubic, Logarithmic, Power and Exponential. Methods The regression of Linear, Quadratic, Cubic, Logarithmic, Power and Exponential were used to predict the number of outpatient and emergency patients in 2012, and R2, relative error and absolute error were used to evaluate the regression. Results The R2 of the Linear, Quadratic, Cubic, Logarithmic, Power and Exponential regression were 0.999, 0.999, 0.999, 0.998, 0.997 and 0.997 respectively; the relative errors were 5.5%, 4.8%, 5.1%, 13.1%, 12.2%, 3.0% respectively. Conclusions The R2 of these six models was all higher than 0.99 which means the six models have good fit. Exponential regression has fewer errors than others, so it is a more suitable model than others in forecasting the number of outpatient and emergency patients in total hospitals.

[Key words] Regression model; The number of outpatient and emergency patients; Predicting

现代的医院管理实践中,统计预测的方法经常被管理者运用到医院发展趋势的评估中,而预测的结果能否符合实际情况,能否真实反映医院的发展态势,是医院统计预测的关键[1]。而且门急诊量也在一定程度上影响着医患关系的好坏,直接影响医院形象和声誉,医院如果未能分配足够的医护资源满足患者需求,可能会耽误患者就诊,进而导致医患关系紧张[2,3]。因此预测就显得尤为重要,目前常用的预测模型和方法有很多,主要有灰色预测模型[4]、线性回归模型、神经网络模型及马尔代夫链模型等[5,6]。……

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