徐国珍上海市中山医院青浦分院儿科，上海　201700



新生儿维生素D营养状况及影响因素分析

徐国珍
上海市中山医院青浦分院儿科，上海201700

目的了解新生儿维生素D水平，并根据营养状况分析影响因素，指导补充维生素D。 方法选取该院2014年6月—2015年8月期间96例新生儿，其中30例为早产儿、66例为正常新生儿，对所有新生儿进行静脉采血，并使用酶联免疫法对血清中维生素D水平进行检测。结果新生儿维生素D营养情况与文化程度、户外活动时间、维生素D补充情况有关，新生儿维生素D营养情况与居住环境、家庭年收入、配方奶粉服用情况无关；正常新生儿维生素D含量充足占12.1%，维生素D含量轻度不足占24.2%，维生素D严重缺乏为63.6%，早产儿中维生素D严重缺乏为80.0%，维生素D含量轻度不足占16.7%，维生素D含量充足为3.3%，正常新生儿较早产儿维生素D缺乏少、含量充足情况多，正常新生儿与早产儿在维生素D含量轻度上比较无意义。结论多数新生儿会出现维生素D缺乏情况，为有效避免孕妇应在妊娠期间进行一定户外活动，多晒太阳、合理补充维生素D。

新生儿；维生素D；营养状况；影响因素

［Abstract］Objective To know the vitamin D level in newborns，analyze the influence factors according to the nutritional status and provide guidance for vitamin D supplementation.Methods 96 cases of newborns in our hospital from June 2014 to August 2015 were selected，including 30 cases of premature infants and 66 cases of normal newborns，and all newborns were given collection of venous blood，and the vitamin D in serum was detected by the euzymelinked immunosorbent assay.Results The vitamin D in newborns was related to the educational degree，outdoor activity time and supplementation of vitamin D，but was not related to the living habits，annual household income and administration of powdered formulas，in normal newborns，sufficient vitamin D content accounted for 12.1%，mild lack of vitamin D content accounted for 24.2%，serious lack of vitamin D accounted for 63.6%；in premature infants，serious lack of vitamin D accounted for 80.0%，mild lack of vitamin D accounted for 16.7%，sufficient vitamin D content accounted for 3.3%，compared with the normal newborns，the premature newborns has less vitamin D and content，and the difference in the mild vitamin D content between the normal newborns and premature newborns had no significance.Conclusion The lack of vitamin D occurs to most newborns，and in order to effectively avoid this situation，the pregnant women should do a certain outdoor activities，bask in the sun frequently and rationally supplement vitamin D.

［Key words］Newborn；Vitamin D；Nutritional status；Influence factor

维生素D是人体必需营养素，其在婴幼儿生长发育中起着重要作用，人体维生素D充足可有效避免佝偻症、骨质软化、骨质疏松、变形性骨炎等疾病出现［1-3］。同时维生素D是否充足不仅影响人体钙磷代谢调节，同时与心血管疾病、感染性疾病、癌症、免疫性疾病、糖尿病等疾病均有密切关系，因此维生素D是人体生长发育、维持健康必不可缺的物质［4-7］。……