田丽杰　徐　兵　管　乐

肝胆手术后发生胆瘘的临床护理研究

田丽杰徐兵管乐

【摘要】目的探究肝胆手术后胆瘘患者应采取的护理措施和效果。方法选取2014年12月～2015年12月收治的63例肝胆手术后出现胆瘘患者进行护理研究，随机分组，实验组36例采取综合护理，对照组27例给予常规护理，比较患者的护理效果。结果实验组护理总有效率为94.44%，对照组护理总有效率为85.19%。实验组患者可得到更好的护理效果，两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论肝胆手术后胆瘘患者接受综合护理，可缩短引流时间以及住院时间，增加患者对疾病知识的了解和掌握，提高治疗效果和护理满意度。

【关键词】肝胆手术；胆瘘；综合护理；护理效果

Objective Nursing methods and effect on patients with biliary fistula after hepatobiliary surgery are to be studied.Methods Chose 63 patients with biliary fistula who were operated with hepatobiliary surgery in hospital from December 2014 to December 2015 and separated them into two groups at random.36 patients in study group were given comprehensive nursing，while 27 patients in control group were given conventional nursing，and then compared nursing effects between two groups.Results Nursing efficacy in study group was 94.44%and it was 85.19%in control group，thus，nursing efficacy in study group was much better than that in control group，there was a differential between two groups and such a differential had statistic value（P＜0.05）.Conclusion Comprehensive nursing is quite effective on patients with biliary fistula after hepatobiliary surgery.It is conducive to shortening patients'drainage time and their hospitalization days，increasing patients'awareness and mastery of the illness，increasing treatment efficacy and patients'satisfaction rate.

【Key words】Hepatobiliary surgery，Biliary fistula，Comprehensive nursing，Nursing effect

我国饮食习惯和生活方式的改变，导致肝胆疾病患者人数不断上升，包括胆管结石和胆囊炎等，该疾病的病情反复发作，会使胆管变形，多个部位狭窄，需要采取手术方法治疗［1］。有部分患者在手术后出现胆瘘的并发症，这一并发症会加重疾病对身体的损害，还会导致腹腔内感染，胆汁性腹膜炎以及营养不良等，加重患者痛苦，增加住院时间，严重者还会危及生命［2］。为减少并发症的出现，促进身体恢复，需要采取适当的护理措施。选取2014年12月～2015年12月收治的63例肝胆手术后出现胆瘘患者进行护理研究，现报告如下。

1　资料和方法

1.1一般资料

选取2014年12月～2015年12月收治的63例肝胆手术后出现胆瘘患者进行护理研究，实验组患者36例，男性16例，女性20例，年龄为：24～71岁，平均年龄为：（49.23±4.32）岁，腹腔镜下胆囊摘除术17例，肝叶切除术9例，胆总管结石肠吻合术6例，胆管癌根治术4例。……