晚期肿瘤患者家属的心理状态调查与分析

2016-01-21赵利娟许友贤上海市徐汇区华泾镇社区卫生服务中心上海200231

上海医药 2015年4期

赵利娟许友贤（上海市徐汇区华泾镇社区卫生服务中心上海 200231）

晚期肿瘤患者家属的心理状态调查与分析

赵利娟许友贤
（上海市徐汇区华泾镇社区卫生服务中心上海 200231）

摘要目的：对晚期肿瘤患者家属的心理状态进行调查分析，以提高晚期肿瘤患者及其家属的生活质量。方法：2012年6月至2014年5月随机抽取晚期肿瘤患者家属80名和慢性病患者家属80名，采用Zung焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）对两组进行调查和比较分析。结果：晚期肿瘤患者家属的SAS和SDS评分均高于慢性病患者家属（P<0.01）。结论：晚期肿瘤患者家属多伴有焦虑和抑郁情绪，在照顾晚期肿瘤患者的同时，要充分关心其家属，针对性的给予心理帮助和指导。

关键词肿瘤患者家属心理调查分析

Survey and analysis of the psychological state of the family members of the patients with the advanced malignant tumor

ZHAO Lijuan, XU Youxian
(Huajing Community Health Service Center of Xuhui District, Shanghai 2000231, China)

ABSTRACTObjective: To analyze the psychological state of family members of the patients with the advanced malignant tumor in order to improve the quality of life for terminal cancer patients and their families. Methods: Family members of the patients with advanced cancer (n=80) and the patients with chronic diseases (n=80) were randomly enroled during June 2012 and May 2014. The two groups were investigated using Zung self rating anxiety scale (SAS) and depression self rating scale (SDS) . The results were compared between two groups. Results: The scores of SAS and SDS in family members of the patients with advanced cancer were higher than those in family members of the patients with chronic diseases (P<0.01). Conclusion: Family members of the patients with advanced cancer were often acompanied with anxiety and depression, therefore, they must receive the psychological help and guidance while they take care of the patients.

KEY WORDSneoplasms; family members of the patients; psychology; investigation

恶性肿瘤是严重威胁生命的负性事件，作为应激源，它不仅给患者身心带来巨大痛苦，而且给家庭和社会带来很大影响，这些影响将贯穿疾病的诊断、治疗、康复及晚期治疗的全过程[1]。近年来，随着生物心理社会医学模式的转变，人们认识到心理因素在癌症的发生和发展中的作用，心理肿瘤学是研究肿瘤领域的心理社会和心理生物问题的新学科，心理社会问题主要指患者在癌症的各个病程中的心理反应和患者家属的情绪反应[2]。

为了给晚期肿瘤患者及家属提供最佳照顾，提高患者的生命质量，我们对晚期肿瘤患者的家属进行问卷调查，并与慢性病患者家属对照，了解其心态及相关影响因素，为给予适时有效的心理干预提供依据。