附着龈重建在口腔种植修复中的应用探索

苗永军

吉林省白山市中心医院口腔科，吉林白山134300

[摘要]目的探究在口腔种植修复手术中附着龈重建的具体应用。方法整群择取2010年4月—2015年4月这2年间前来该院口腔科进行口腔种植修复的48例患者，全部患者均为后牙区缺乏附着龈，且角化黏膜组织（直径超过0.5 mm）均存在于牙槽嵴顶，将其设为实验组。选择基线资料相同的同期48例附着龈缺乏患者，设为对照组。为实验组48例患者行以改良过的根向复位瓣手术来进行附着龈的重建，术后第1个月末修复烤瓷冠。为对照组48例患者在牙种植区中心取切口，剥离骨膜后在上部基台进行愈合操作。针对患者的有效角化黏膜宽度，术前术后各项指标进行对比。结果就有效角化黏膜宽度而言，实验组患者术后1个月和术后半年宽度与术前相比均有显著变化，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。对照组患者在术后1个月和术后半年与术前相比也均有显著变化，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。但实验组恢复效果远远由于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论将改良过的根向复位瓣手术应用于附着龈重建，具有非常显著的效果，临床意义鲜明。

[关键词]口腔种植术；附着龈重建；牙齿修复；应用分析

[中图分类号]R7

[文献标识码]A

[文章编号]1674-0742（2015）10（a）－0036-02

[作者简介]苗永军(1971.2-)，男，吉林白山人，大专，主治医师，研究方向：口腔治疗。

Abstract[]Objective To explore the concrete application of attached gingival reconstruction in implant-supported dental prosthesis.Methods 48 patients who were lack of attached gingival in the posterior region and with keratinizing mucosal tissue (diameter more than 0.5 mm) located in alveolar ridge crest and underwent implant-supported dental prosthesis in the department of stomatology of this hospital from April 2010 to April 2015 were included in this study and assigned to the experimental group.Other 48 patients in the same period who were lack of attached gingival and with the same baseline data were assigned to the control group.The 48 patients in the experimental group underwent modified apically repositioned flap for the attached gingival reconstruction followed by porcelain crown restoration at the end of the first month after surgery.The 48 patients in the control group underwent healing operation on upper base after periosteum was peeled off through the incision in the dental implant center.The usable keratinizing mucosal width, preoperative and postoperative parameters were compared between the two groups.Results In terms of usable keratinizing mucosal width, there were statistically significant differences between that one month and six months after surgery and that before surgery in the experimental group, P<0.05, as well as in the control group, P<0.05.But the recovery effect was significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant, P<0.05.Conclusion Modified apically repositioned flap for the attached gingival reconstruction can produce remarkable effect and show great clinical significance.

收稿日期：（2015-06-24）

Application of Attached Gingival Reconstruction in Implant-supported Dental Prosthesis

MIAO Yong-jun

Department of Stomatology, Baishan Central Hospital, Baishan, Jilin Province, 134300 China

[Key words]Oral implant surgery; Attached gingival reconstruction; Tooth repair; Analysis of application

附着龈在口腔中扮演着极其重要的角色，其边缘若处于稳定状态，可以起到清除牙菌斑的作用，还可以缓冲黏膜肌纤维受到的生物应力[1]，使种植体的周边牙周组织不会受到严重伤害。……