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喙尾琵琶甲雌雄形态特征比较

2015-10-21郭明磊

安徽农业科学 2015年5期

摘要 [目的]探索对活体无损伤、易于掌握的喙尾琵琶甲雌雄成虫鉴别方法。[方法]对喙尾琵琶甲雌雄虫形态特征进行仔细观察,并从中选取几个主要特征(体长、体宽、长宽比、腹部刚毛刷和尾突)作为观察对象,进行比较分析。[结果]喙尾琵琶甲雌雄二型与个体大小关系不大;通过尾突和刚毛刷可明显区分其性别;也可采用长宽比区分,即雄虫呈狭长状,雌虫略显矮胖。[结论]利用上述特征来鉴别,不仅能有效区别喙尾琵琶甲雌雄性而且不造成伤害。

关键词 喙尾琵琶甲;性二型;雌雄鉴定;形态特征

中图分类号 S433.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)05-142-02

Identification of Alive Female and Male Adult of Blaps rynchopetera

GUO Minglei, LIU Jianhong*

(College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224)

Abstract [Objective] The aim was to find out an identification method of alive female and male adult of B. rynchopetera without injuring them. [Method] Researches for analyzing some main external morphological characteristics that probably had different features like length of body, width of body, lengthwidth ratio of body and the characteristics of belly had been carried out according to the careful observation for the morphological characteristics of many male and female adults. [Result] The sexual dimorphism of B. rynchopetera had no relationship with body size. Alive female and male adult of B. rynchopetera could be distinguished through mucron and seta brush, and also distinguished through lengthwidth ratio, that was, male adult was narrow and long, while female adult was short and fat. [Conclusion] The methods making use of the above features could simply distinguish male and female without injuring them.

Key words Blaps rynchopetera Fairmai; Sexual dimorphism; Sexual distinguishing; Morphological characteristics

作者简介

郭明磊(1988-),男,山东莱芜人,硕士研究生,研究方向:森林保护昆虫。*通讯作者,副教授,硕士生导师,从事森林保护学研究。

收稿日期 20141222

同种昆虫的雌、雄个体除生殖器官以外的其他外部形态如大小、颜色、翅的有无、结构等方面的差异,称为昆虫的雌雄二型现象[1]。昆虫纲中雌雄性二型现象普遍存在,研究表明雌雄性二型是自然选择、性选择与基因、个体发育、系统发育等综合作用的结果[2-3]。昆虫的雌雄个体存在不同的能量需求、不同的社会角色或者繁殖下一代过程中的不同职责,也是造成昆虫性二型的因子之一,例如雌虫需要在生殖过程中支出额外的能量,需要捕食更多的食物,往往造成雌性个体大于雄性个体[4]。

喙尾琵琶甲(Blaps rynchopetera Fairmai)属鞘翅目(Coleopter)拟步甲科(Tenebrionida)琵琶甲属(Blaps)昆虫。曾用名云南琵琶甲(B.japanensis yunnanensis Marseu),2007年赵敏认为其为喙尾琵琶甲[5]。……

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