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吉林省高纬度地区花生果腐病药剂防治效果

2015-10-21杨富军

安徽农业科学 2015年5期

摘要 [目的]筛选高纬度地区花生果腐病的防治药剂。[方法]在田间试验条件下,以JYZH12和JYJH4花生品种为材料,研究可湿性粉剂SWM1和固体发酵剂SWM1对花生果腐病的防治效果。[结果]2种药剂均有较好的防治效果,其中固体发酵剂的防效最好,对JYZHH12的防效为43.42%,较空白处理增产18.20%,对JYJH4的防效为85.65%,较空白处理增产11.60%。[结论]为高纬度地区花生果腐病的防治提供了参考。

关键词 花生果腐病;可湿性粉剂SWM1;固体发酵剂SWM1;高纬度地区;防效

中图分类号 S435.652 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)05-140-02

Control Effects of Agent against Peanut Pod Rot at High Latitudes

YANG Fujun1, WANG Shaolun1*, ZHANG Li2, GAO Huayuan1* et al

(1. Peanut Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Gongzhuling, Jilin 136100; 2. Liaoyuan Center of Peasant Technology Education, Liaoyuan, Jilin 136200)

Abstract [Objective] The aim was to screen out controlling agent for peanut pod rot at high latitudes. [Method] Under field conditions, ‘JYZH12and ‘JYJH4 were used to study the control effects of wettable powder SWM1 and solid state fermentation agent SWM1 to peanut pod rot. [Result] The two fungicides had good control effects on peanut pod rot, among them the solid state fermentation agent was better than the wettable powder. With regard to ‘JYZH12, control effect of the solid state fermentation agent was 43.42%, and yield was increased by 18.20% compared with the blank treatment. With regard to ‘JYJH4, control effect of the solid state fermentation agent was 85.65%, and yield was increased by 11.60% compared with the blank treatment. [Conclusion] The results provide reference for the control of peanut pod rot at high latitudes.

Key words Peanut pod rot; Wettable powder SWM1; Solid state fermentation agent SWM1; High latitudes; Control effect

基金項目 国家花生产业技术体系项目(CARS14);科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2013GB2B100113)。

作者简介

杨富军(1986-),男,山东泰安人,研究实习员,硕士,从事花生栽培生理生态研究。*通讯作者,高华援,研究员,硕士,从事花生育种与高产栽培研究;王绍伦,副研究员,从事花生高产栽培理论研究。

收稿日期 20141224

花生果腐病又称 “花生烂果病”, 主要表现在花生荚果腐烂,轻者半个荚果为褐色或黑色,里面的籽粒小而硬实,发育不良,果皮发黄,严重者整个荚果都为深黑色,果皮和籽粒均已腐烂,一般整株或点片发生,在多年重茬种植的地块结荚期遇到雨水较多的年份,发病会更加严重,染病地块轻则减产20%,重则减产50%以上[1]。

近年来,随着大量外地调种,该病害在吉林省花生产区频繁发生,呈现蔓延趋势,已对花生产量和品质构成严重威胁。但发病原因尚不明确,王传堂等通过果腐病病原分子诊断认为镰刀菌极有可能是花生果腐病的主要病原[2],李术臣等认为是由茄镰刀菌和群结腐酶复合侵染引起[3],Sun等研究则认为是侵脉新赤壳菌侵染所致[4-5],并提出了生物防治措施。……

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