室内观赏鱼池自净化生态系统的构建
2015-10-21宋芝蔓林逸涛张翠桔刘旭坤汪安泰
宋芝蔓 林逸涛 张翠桔 刘旭坤 汪安泰



摘要 [目的]构建室内观赏鱼池生态自净化系统。[方法]设计了水泵过滤池、入水池、生态净化池和观赏鱼池。结合使用常规水族生物材料,首次在生态净化池投放了单肠目、大口虫目、三肠目涡虫、水螅和浮游动物等。对常见5种水生观赏植物以及硝化细菌的水净化功能进行检测。[结果]实现了鱼池环境物种的多样性,形成了完整的食物链体系,使观赏鱼池获得稳定的水生态平衡环境,构建了具有自净化功能的水生态调控系统。不同的水生观赏植物对水体的净化功能有显著差异。[结论]构建的室内观赏鱼池自净化生态系统方法简便、效果极为显著,可节约人工及水资源均达90%以上,具有应用与推广价值。
关键词 室内;鱼池;观赏鱼;水生植物;底栖动物;生态学
中图分类号 S917.4;Q178.1 文献标识码
A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)05-117-05
Construction of Selfpurification Ecosystem for Indoor Ornamental Fishpond
SONG Zhiman,LIN Yitao,ZHANG Cuijv,WANG Antai* et al (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology,College of Life Science,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518060)
Abstract [Objective] This research aims to construct the selfpurification ecosystem for indoor ornamental fishpond.[Method] The designed pump filter tank,intake sump,ecopurification pond and ornamental fishpond are applied to the system.Planarians,hydras,zooplankton are firstly thrown into ecopurification pond,combined with conventional aquatic biological materials.The water selfpurification functions of 5 normal aquatic ornamental plants as well as Nitrifying bacteria are detected by experiments.[Result] With a stable aquatic ecoenvironment,the applied system realizes the species diversity of fishpond,and forms a complete system of the food chain,and finally constructs a water ecological control system with selfpurification function.Besides,different aquatic ornamental plants behave significantly differently to the water purification function.[Conclusion] With simple method and remarkable finaleffect,this research can save 90% of the artificial maintenance costs as well as water resources,and gain practical application value and popularization value.
Key words Indoor; Fishpond; Ornamental fish; Aquatic plant; Benthos; Ecology
基金項目 广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201410590035)。
作者简介 宋芝蔓(1995-),女,湖南衡山人,本科生,专业:动物学。*通讯作者,高级实验师,从事水生无脊椎动物学与分类学研究。
鸣 谢 2011级容粗徨等同学在鱼池调控阶段给予友好协助,特此致谢!
收稿日期 20141218
我国观赏鱼养殖有1 000余年历史,养殖器具通常以鱼缸、水族箱为主。水草、硝化细菌和清道夫鱼(Hypostomus plecostomus)是观赏鱼饲养中常用的生物材料[1]。石英球培养的硝化细菌通过硝化作用将水体中的氨和亚硝酸加以分解去除[2]。清道夫鱼以水池中的残饵、碎屑以及鱼的粪便为食,利用清道夫清理鱼池藻类,可以节省大量人力和物力[3]。……
