贾海江 徐雪芹

摘要 [目的] 为了协调烟叶化学成分，提高烟叶品质。[方法] 对保山昌宁主烟区植烟土壤和烟叶中微量元素进行分析。[结果] 烟叶中锌、锰、铜含量与土壤中对应元素显著正相关，昌宁县三烟区土壤铜、铁含量丰富，锌、锰缺失，其中11.14%土壤缺锰，2.05%的土壤严重缺锌；烟叶中铜含量偏高，铁含量偏低，锌含量适中。[结论]在烤烟生产上要注意增施锌肥，控制铜肥，喷施锰肥。

关键词 昌宁；植烟土壤； 烟叶； 矿质元素

中图分类号 S572 文献标识码

A 文章编号 0517-6611（2015）05-093-02

Mine Nutrition Element Analysis of Soil and Fluecured Tobacco in Main Tobaccogrowing Areas in Baoshan， Changning

JIA Haijiang， XU Xueqin （China Tobaco Guangxi Industrial Co.，Ltd， Nanning， Guangxi 530001）

Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to harmonize chemical components in the fluecured tobacco leaves and improve its quality. [Method] Microelements were analyzed in soil and leaves about the main tobaccogrowing areas in Baoshan， Changnign. [Result] The correlation of copper， manganese， zinc content in tobacco leaves and the corresponding element in soils was significantly positive. The available Cu and Fe in soil of tobaccogrowing areas was abundant. 11.14% of soil in tobaccogrowing areas was short of Mn，and 2.05% of soil in tobaccogrowing areas was short of Zn. Tobacco leaves were rich in Cu， poor in Fe and Zn were moderate. [Conclusion]In the fluecured tobacco production， the zinc fertilizer should be increased， the iron fertilizer should be controlled and Mn should be sprayed.

Key words Changning； Soil in tobaccogrowing areas； Fluecured tobacco；Mine nutrition element

煙叶是卷烟工业最基本的原料，其质量直接影响卷烟的品质。烟叶的品质除受常规化学成分影响外， 还受铁、锰、铜、锌等烟叶所需矿质营养元素的影响。这些矿质元素对于烤烟的生长发育至关重要，其含量的过高或过低均会引起烟草生理机能失调，影响正常机能代谢，导致烟叶主要化学成分不协调，进而影响烟叶中香味成分的含量。大量研究表明，烟叶中矿质营养元素含量对其外观、香吃味、刺激性等均有显著的影响[1-7]。笔者通过对保山昌宁县3个烟区土壤和对应烟叶中有效态矿质元素进行研究，掌握保山昌宁烟区土壤和烟叶中矿质元素含量，为该区烟叶生产、土壤微肥调施、保持土壤养分平衡提供参考，从而实现协调烟叶化学成分，提高烟叶品质。

1 材料与方法

1.1 土壤样品的采集与分析 采集广西中烟基地保山昌宁3个主烟区土壤样品共98个，用木铲取耕作层土样，风干后用木锤研磨，过100目尼龙筛，用DTPA溶液浸提[8]，采取原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中有效铁、有效锰、有效铜和有效锌的含量。……