精量播种与传统播种对玉米生长发育及收益的影响
2015-10-21黄金苓



摘要 [目的]研究精量播种与传统播种方式对玉米生长发育及收益的影响。[方法]通过对3个不同玉米种植区精量播种与当地传统播种,在不同生育期对玉米生长状况进行观测和调查,分析精量播种与传统播种对玉米苗期植株、开花期叶面积、收获期农艺性状以及产量和经济效益的影响。[结果]采用精量播种机播种,个体发育健壮,抗性增强,产量增加,用种量可减少22.5 kg/hm2,节省47.37%,节省种子费用450元/hm2,节省间苗用工费用750元/hm2,玉米增产2 010.8 kg/hm2,纯收益增加3 210.8元/hm2。[结论]该研究为玉米精量播种技术的推广提供理论依据,玉米精量播种技术值得大力推广普及。
关键词 玉米;精量播种;传统播种;生长发育;效益;影响
中图分类号 S513 文献标识码
A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)05-029-03
Effect of Precision Sowing and Traditional Sowing on the Growth and Income of Corn
HUANG Jinling (Dongping County Farm Bureau,Dongping,Shandong 271500)
Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to study the effect of precision sowing and traditional sowing on the growth and income of corn. [Method]The precision sowing and local traditional sowing was carried out in three different corn growing areas,the corn growth conditions were observed and investigated in different growth stages,the effect of precision sowing and traditional sowing on the seedling plants, flowering leaf area,harvest agronomic traits and yield and economic benefit of corn were analyzed.[Result]Using precision planter, ontogeny robust, enhanced resistance, increase production, reduce seed quantity 22.5 kg/hm2, save 47.37%, saving seed costs 450 yuan/hm2, saving thinning labor costs 750 yuan/hm2, increase production of corn 2 010.8 kg/hm2, net income increased by 3 210.8 yuan/hm2.[Conclusion]This study provides a theoretical basis for the promotion of corn precision sowing technology,the corn precision seeding technology was worth promoting universal.
Key words Corn;Precision sowing;Traditional sowing;Growth;Income;Effect
作者简介 黄金苓(1980- ),女,山东东平人,农艺师,从事农技推广工作。
收稿日期 20150104
玉米精量播种机械化技术,是指用精量播种机械将玉米种子按农艺要求的播量、行距、株距、深度精确播入土壤的技术[1]。玉米精量播种机械化技术包括种子处理、精量播种和化学防治等技术内容[2]。采用精量播种机一次作业完成开沟、施肥、播种、覆土和镇压等多项作业,减少作业工序,有效降低作业成本,大幅度提高作业效率[3-4]。据报道,精量播种利于机械化田间管理和收获作业;播种质量好,出苗整齐;节省种子,减少浪费,减少间苗作业[5]。鉴于以上原因,东平县安排了夏玉米精量播种和传统播种对比试验,
笔者在此针对3个不同玉米种植区,在不同生育期对玉米生长状况进行观测和调查,分析精量播种与传统播种技术对玉米生长发育及收益的影响,为玉米精量播种技术在东平县进一步推广提供理论依据。……
