经伤椎椎弓根椎体内植骨结合后路短节段内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折
2015-10-21何振东王文己通讯作者
何振东 王文己通讯作者
【摘 要】目的 探讨经伤椎椎弓根植骨结合后路短节段内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析我院2012年8月~2015年3月采用后路椎弓根短节段内固定治疗单节段胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者36例,通过对术前、术后即刻以及终末随访时影响指标、神经功能的比较分析临床疗效。结果 36例均获得随访,所有患者中无1例出现晚发性脊髓损伤,1例出现椎弓根钉断裂但无物殊不适亦无椎体高度丢失。结论 经伤椎椎弓根椎体内植骨重建了椎体高度,增强了脊椎前中柱的稳定性。同时结合后路椎弓根短节段内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折具有手术创伤较小、操作方便、固定可靠手术并发症少等优点,是胸腰椎爆裂骨折的有效治疗方法之一。
【关键词】胸腰椎骨折;植骨;内固定
【abstract】 objective to investigate the injury of spinal vertebral arch root bone combined with posterior short segment fixation clinical curative effect for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture.Methods retrospective analysis in August 2012 to March 2015 treated with posterior pedicle short segmental fixation single segment of 36 patients with terminal immediately when the impact indicators,comparative analysis of the clinical curative effect of neurological function.Results 36 cases were follow-up,all patients without late-onset spinal cord injury(1 case,1 case of pedicle screw fracture but nothing special discomfort nor vertebral height loss.Conclusion the injured vertebral pedicle vertebral body bone graft to reconstruct,stability of the spine in the column.At the same time combined with posterior pedicle short segmental fixation burst fracture with less surgical trauma,less reliable fixed surgical complications,is one of the effective treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture.
【key words】thoracolumbar fractures;Bone graft;Internal fixation
1 資料与方法
1.1 一般资料
本组36例中,男24例,女12例;年龄26-62岁,平均39.2岁。损伤节段:T11 3例,T12 10例,L1 13例,L2 9例,L3 1例。致伤原因:道路交通伤10例,高处坠落伤20例,重物砸伤6例。神经功能情况按Frankel分级:B级2例,C级13例,D级6例,E级15例。36例均符合Denis分类中垂直爆裂型(Ⅱ型),伤椎椎弓根至少一侧相对完整,后凸角度≥15°,骨折椎体高度丢失≥50%,下肢伴或不伴有完全性瘫痪;排除病理性骨折、Frankel A级及不能耐受手术的患者。术前后行X线检查36例,CT检查36例,MRI检查10例。
1.2 手术方法
全身麻醉,俯卧位,以伤椎为中心取后正中切口,逐层显露伤椎上下各一个棘突、椎板、关节突及横突。根据Weinstein定位法[2],在腰椎为上关节突外缘垂直线与横突中轴水……
