张晓虹

摘要[目的]通过建立稀土优质高效苗木生产基地，提高苗木成活率及生长量，形成促进苗木生长的系列化配套技术。[方法]将稀土植物生长调节剂、稀土农用转光膜、稀土磷肥等7种新材料、新技术在苗圃育苗上进行应用。[结果]苗木成活率提高10%左右，一级苗率提高20%左右。[结论]最佳稀土农用技术为基施稀土磷肥600 kg/hm2，在全生育期分3次喷施全元稀土植物营养素2 250 ml/hm2。

关键词稀土农用新材料、新技术； 育苗； 优质高效； 配套技术

中图分类号S723.1文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2015）07-085-02

Application Effects of New Material and New Technology of Agricultural Rare Earth in Forestry Production

ZHANG Xiao-hong

（Yili Prefecture Forest Variety Approval Test Centre， Yili，Xinjiang 835311）

Abstract[Objective] The base of high-quality and high-efficient nursery stock production was built to improve the survival rate of seedling and mass growth and form matching technique to promote the growth of the seedling. [Method] Seven new materials and new technologies of rare earth plant growth regulator， conversion film of agricultural rare earth and rare earth phosphate fertilizer were applied in the culture of seedling increesed about 20% in nursery garden. [Result] The survival rate was increased about 10%， and the rate of the first grade seedling increased about 20%. [Conclusion]The optimum technology of agricultural rare earth was that rare earth phosphate fertilize 600 kg/hm2 was applied as base fertilizer and whole rare earth phytonutrients 2 250 ml/hm2 was sprayed three times in the whole growth period.

Key wordsNew material and new technology of rare earth in agriculture； Seedling；High-quality and high-efficient； Matching technique

稀土元素是指化学元素周期表中的镧系元素及和镧系元素在同一族（即第Ⅱ副族）的钪和钇元素，共17种元素的总称[1]。自20世纪80年代中期稀土在林用研究以来，已在应用的关键技术和效果及部分生理作用方面取得显著的成果。稀土林用作为一项低成本、高效益的林用增产新技术已越来越受到广大林业科技工作者及生产者的喜爱，应用前景越来越广阔。通过建立稀土高效优质苗木生产基地，将7种稀土农用新材料新技术在西部大面积应用与示范，形成适合于西部高效农业应用的系列化配套技术，以提高苗木生长量，达到苗木速生、丰产、优势、稳定及高效的目标。

1材料与方法

1.1试验地基本情况

试验基地海拔600 m，地势平坦，光热充足，土壤为沙壤土，pH 7～8，有机质含量平均8.30 g/kg，含氮量0.54 g/kg，速效磷2.2 mg/kg，速效钾150 mg/kg。灌溉水源来自伊犁河，水源充沛[2]。

1.2供试材料

有生物活性稀土微肥、全元稀土植物营养素、“常乐”益植素、稀土抗旱保水剂、稀土转光膜、普通膜、稀土磷肥、普通肥料增效剂。……