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激素?草木灰及光质对“蓝丰”蓝莓组培苗诱导和增殖的影响

2015-07-13王姗王永平鲍华鹏

安徽农业科学 2015年15期

王姗 王永平 鲍华鹏

摘要 [目的]筛选“蓝丰”蓝莓增殖的最优方法,以降低成本,提高增殖系数。

[方法]以蓝莓品种“蓝丰”为试验材料,研究了不同激素、不同草木灰含量及不同光质对“蓝丰”蓝莓芽诱导及增殖的影响。[结果]不同激素、不同草木灰含量及不同光质对蓝莓增殖均有影响;“蓝丰”最适的诱导培养基为WPM+ZT 2.0 mg/L;“蓝丰”蓝莓最适的增殖培养基为WPM+ZT 1 mg/L + NAA 0.08 mg/L+草木灰10g/L;“蓝丰”蓝莓组培快繁以红光处理增殖效果最好。[结论] 建立了“蓝丰”蓝莓 组培快繁体系,为其大规模生产提供理论依据。

关键词 “蓝丰”蓝莓; 组织培养; 诱导;增殖

中图分类号 S663.2 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)15-035-02

The Effect of Hormones, Plant Ash and Light Quality on Induction and Proliferation of “Berkeley” Blueberries Somaclone

WANG Shan, WANG Yongping, BAO Huapeng

(Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu 212400)

Abstract [Objective] The aim was to screen the optimal methods of proliferation of “Berkeley” blueberries somaclone, in order to

reduce costs and improve the multiplication factor. [Method] Using “Berkeley” blueberries as material, The effect of hormones, plant ash and light quality on induction and proliferation of “Berkeley” blueberries somaclone was studied.[Result] Different hormones, plant ash content and light quality all affected the blueberry proliferation; The optimum induction medium of “Berkeley” blueberry was WPM + ZT 2.0 mg/L; The optimal proliferation medium of“Berkeley” blueberry was WPM + ZT 1 mg/L + 0.08 mg/L NAA + 1.0 g/L plant ash; proliferation effect of “Berkeley” blueberry seed micropropagation treated with red light was best. [Conclusion] The study established rapid propagation system of “Berkeley” blueberry, in order to provide theoretical basis for the mass production of blueberry.

Key words “Berkeley” blueberries; Tissue culture; Induction; Proliferation

藍莓(Semen trigonellae)又称越橘或蓝浆果,属杜鹃花科(Ericaeae)越橘属(Vaccinium)。其果实为蓝色或红色,酸甜适中,果实低能量且含有多种抗氧化成分,具有极高的营养价值和医疗保健作用。蓝莓广泛分布于北半球,野生蓝莓主要生长在美国和加拿大,常分布在丘陵地带或海拔400~1 400 m的山地,常见于山地林内或灌丛中[1]。蓝莓适应性较强,耐贫瘠,病虫害少,喜酸性土壤,一般要求土壤pH为4.5~5.5,土壤腐殖质层有机质含量为8%~12%,喜湿润,抗旱性差[5-6]。

蓝莓的繁殖方法主要是扦插和组织培养,但由于插条来源受母株数量的限制,组织培养法更适合蓝莓快速发展的需要[7]。组培苗在阶段发育上比常规法育成的苗更健壮[8-9]。国内外对蓝莓组培再生的研究已有较多报道。对蓝莓愈伤组织培养研究最早的是Niekerson,1978年Niekerson找出了2种最有利于枝条增生的改良Knops培养基[10]。此后又发现,适合蓝莓组织培养快繁的为1/2MS培养基和WPM培养基,Wolfe等[11]比较了7种基本培养基对“蓝丰”蓝莓芽诱导和生根的影响,结果显示在WPM培养基上“蓝丰”蓝莓生长最好。……

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