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全蛋粉喷雾干燥工艺研究

2015-07-13赵媛苏宇杰杨严俊

安徽农业科学 2015年15期

赵媛 苏宇杰 杨严俊

摘要

[目的]优化全蛋粉喷雾干燥工艺条件。[方法]以润湿性、分散性、溶解性为指标,考察喷雾干燥过程中喷雾流量、进风温度、出风温度对全蛋粉产品冲调性能的影响,结合正交试验与主成分分析综合评价,筛选出全蛋粉喷雾干燥最佳工艺条件。[结果]喷雾流量对全蛋粉润湿性和分散性有显著影响,进风温度和出风温度对全蛋粉溶解性有显著影响,全蛋粉最佳喷雾干燥工艺条件为:喷雾流量25 ml/min、进风温度180 ℃、出风温度60 ℃。[结论]研究结果进一步明确了各工艺条件对全蛋粉冲调性能中关键指标的影响,并可为具有良好冲调性全蛋粉的生产提供理论指导。

关键词 全蛋粉;喷雾干燥;冲调性;主成分分析;工艺条件

中图分类号 S509.9 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)15-243-04

Study on Process Conditions of Spraydrying Whole Egg Powder

ZHAO Yuan, SU Yujie, YANG Yanjun*

(School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122)

Abstract [Objective] To optimize process conditions of spraydrying whole egg powder. [Method] With wettability, dispersibility, solubility as indicators, the influence of sprayflowing rates, inlet airtemperature, outlet airtemperature on reconcilability of spraydrying whole egg powder were investigated. Combined with orthogonal test and principle component analysis method, the optimal technique conditions of spraydrying whole egg powder were selected. [Result] Sprayflowing rates had a significant influence for wettability and dispersibility, inlet airtemperature and outlet airtemperature had a significant influence for solubility, optimal of technology parameters for processing whole egg powder with spray drying were as below: sprayflowing rates 25 ml/min, inlet airtemperature 180 ℃, outlet airtemperature 60 ℃. [Conclusion]The research provides theoretical guidance for the spraydrying whole egg powder with good reconcilability and further defined the influence of process conditions on the reconcilability indicators.

Key words Whole egg powder; Spraydrying; Reconcilability; PCA; Process conditions

蛋粉产品起源于第二次世界大战,因其丰富的营养价值及便于储存运输的特性,被作为军队补给而得到了广泛的生产[1]。如今,随着食品工业日益壮大,食品深加工产品的应用越来越广泛,蛋粉更因其运输、储藏、营养等方面的卓越性能,被广泛应用于食品工业中,以其制成的各种产品,可以满足消费者不同的需求。

目前我国在全蛋粉的生产过程中,主要采用喷雾干燥的加工方式,通过一定的机械作用,将蛋液分散成雾一样的微粒,使其与热空气接触,在瞬间将大部分水分除去,获得可食用的、保留了鲜蛋营养与风味的全蛋粉产品。由于蛋液的变性温度较低,具有一定的热敏性,因此,在喷雾干燥的过程中,不同的工艺条件会对蛋粉的性质产生不同程度的影响,从而得到的全蛋粉也具有各种功能性状。……

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