实验室废水处理装置研究与设计
2015-07-13李延秀刘学文马国立
李延秀 刘学文 马国立
摘要 实验中经常产生有害气体、液体或固体,直接排出则污染周围的空气和水源,危害环境,危害人体健康,为此设计试制了实验室废水处理装置。该装置分酸性系统和碱性系统两部分,酸性系统利用原电池原理处理重金属离子,并提供部分电能;碱性系统利用太阳能电池产生的电能和部分酸性系统电能,对碱性废水中的重金属离子进行电解,形成沉淀物或浮渣,实现废水的污染物减量和无害化。运行结果表明,该装置具有较好的推广应用前景。
关键词 废水;原电池;电解池;太阳能
中图分类号 S181.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)15-216-02
Research and Design of Laboratory Waste Water Treatment Device
LI Yanxiu1, LIU Xuewen1*, MA Guoli2*
(1. Resources and Environment Department of Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong 256603; 2. Department of Optical Engineering of Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong 256603)
Abstract The harmful gas, liquid or solid, often occur in the experiment, the direct discharge is around the air and water, it harms the environment and human health, so the laboratory waste water treatment device is designed. The device is divided into two parts of acidic and alkaline system, the acidic system treat heavy metal ions by primary battery principle and provide part of the energy, basic system electrolysis heavy metal ions of alkaline wastewater using electricity of solar cells and part of electric energy of acid system, the pollutants of waste water become deposits or scum, then achieve the goal of pollutant reduction and harmless treatment of waste water. The running result shows that the device has good popularization and application prospect.
Key words Waste water; Primary battery; Electrolytic cell; Solar energy
實验室废水因水量小、污染物种类复杂等原因常稀释后排放,对其综合处理的相关研究较少。实验室废水的处理不同于工业污水处理,只能采用多单元处理系统进行分类处理,才能降低处理难度和处理费用,简化操作。常见废水处理技术包括生物法和物化法,对有机物浓度高、毒性强、水质水量不稳定的实验室废水,生物法处理效果不理想,物化法具有明显的优势[1-2]。物化法可实现实验室废弃物分类处理和可用物质的回收循环再利用,不仅减少化学药品的浪费,更重要的是减轻环境污染。
笔者针对实验室废水中污染物含量高和离子、有机物排放量大的现状,研制了无外接能源的水处理系统,试制了选择性好、稳定性好、寿命长、成本较低的可去除重金属、有机物等的新型水处理系统。……
