潘彦彪　田永强　张阿强等

摘要 [目的]研究百里香等5种精油对黄瓜枯萎病原菌的抑菌效果，以及筛选出的优选精油和多抗霉素的协同抑菌效果。[方法]采用菌丝生长速率法筛选抑菌效果最强的精油，并检测其最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和EC50，同时研究优选精油和多抗霉素的协同抑菌效果。[结果]精油中百里香的抑制效果最强，EC50为0.309 μl/ml，MIC为0.530 μl/ml。百里香精油和多抗霉素的协同抑菌效果明显大于两者的单一抑菌效果。[结论]试验结果为天然药物农药的开发与利用提供了理论依据。

关键词 黄瓜枯萎病；精油；百里香精油；多抗霉素；抑菌活性

中图分类号 S436.421.1+3 文献标识码

A 文章编号 0517-6611（2015）15-117-04

Research on Antifungal Activities of Five Different Kinds of Essential Oil against Fusarium oxysporum.sp.cucumebrium Owen

PAN Yanbiao， TIAN Yongqiang*， ZHANG Aqiang et al

（School of Chemical and Biological Engineering， Lanzhou Jiaotong University， Lanzhou， Gansu 730070）

Abstract [Objective] To study the bacteriostasis effects on Fusarium oxysporum.sp.cucumebrium Owen which the five different kinds of essential oil have， such as thyme oil etc， and the coordination bacteriostasis effects of the selective preference essential oil and the polyoxin. [Method] Screening the essential oil which has the best bacteriostasis effect by growth rate method and check its MIC and EC50. A comparative study on the coordination bacteriostasis effects of essential oil and the polyoxin was conducted. [Result] The bacteriostasis effect of the thyme oil is the best among others. Its EC50 was 0.309 μl/ml and the MIC was 0.530 μl/ml. Obviously， the coordination bacteriostasis effect of the thyme oil and the polyoxin is better than any one of this two alone. [Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical basis for development and utilization of natural medicine pesticide.

Key words Fusarium oxysporum.sp.cucumebrium Owen； Essential oil； Thyme oil； Polyoxin； Antifungal activities

目前化學农药残留已成为危害人类健康的最大杀手之一，长期食用能诱发癌症等多种疾病。天然药物农药被称为绿色农药，其种类的多样性、抑菌的光谱性、对人体的超低危害性决定了其作为新一代农药的优势[1-5]。笔者采用菌丝生长速率法研究了5种精油对黄瓜枯萎病原菌的抑菌活性，测定了优选精油的MIC和EC50，并研究了该优选精油和多抗霉素的协同抑菌效果，旨在为天然药物农药的开发与利用提供参考。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料

1.1.1

试验材料。百里香精油、桉叶精油、连翘精油、艾叶精油、薄荷精油、多抗霉素均购自化工有限公司；黄瓜枯萎病原菌，土豆，葡萄糖，琼脂。

1.1.2 仪器。

LDZX50FA立式压力蒸汽灭菌锅（上海申安医疗器械厂）、SWCJ2FD无菌操作台（江苏苏州净化设备有限公司）、MJ250I霉菌培养箱（上海一恒科技有限公司）、YP1002N电子天平（上海精密科学仪器有限公司）。……