黑龙江省盐碱地土壤无机碳分布特征
2015-07-13李德文唐中华刘英等
李德文 唐中华 刘英等
摘要 采用原位测定、室内实验相结合的方法,研究黑龙江省重度盐碱地土壤无机碳的形态、分布规律,并且探讨黑龙江省盐碱土无机碳的密度。不同植被类型显著影响土壤无机碳分布,羊草草地土壤空气中CO2含量明显高于虎尾草草地,而HCO-3/ CO-23含量和土壤表层CaCO3含量低于虎尾草草地。盐碱裸地中以CO2、HCO-3及CaCO3等形式存在的无机碳储量随着土层深度增加均无显著變化。以土壤碳酸盐含量为基础,估算土壤无机碳密度,发现羊草及虎尾草草地表层土壤(0~10 cm)无机碳密度显著低于盐碱裸地(P<005),底层土壤无机碳密度差异不显著;盐碱裸地土壤无机碳密度为101.4 ~124.8 Mg/hm2。
关键词 松嫩平原;盐碱地;无机碳
中图分类号 S151.9 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)15-085-03
Distribution Characteristics of Soil Inorganic Carbon of Salinealkaline Land in Heilongjiang Province
LI Dewen1, TANG Zhonghua1, LIU Ying1, WEI Xiaoxue2* et al
(1. Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040; 2 Institute of Volcanoes and Mineral Springs, Heilongjiang Academy of Science, Wudalianchi, Heilongjiang 164155)
Abstract The morphologies and distribution of soil inorganic carbon of salinealkaline land in Heilongjiang Province were studied, with the methods of field monitoring and laboratory analysis. The contents of soil CO2, HCO-3/CO2-3, and carbonate were significantly effected by vegetation types. Leymus chinensis grassland had higher soil CO2 concentrations, but lower contents of HCO-3/ CO2-3 and CaCO3 than Chloris virgata grassland. For barren sites, the soil inorganic carbon had no significant change at different soil depths. Based on soil carbonate, the density of soil inorganic carbon was estimated. The results showed that the density were lower in Chloris virgata or Leymus chinensis grassland than barren sites (101.4 -124.8 Mg/hm2) in upper horizon (0-10 cm) (P< 0.05), however, no evident difference was found in deep layers.
Key words Songnen Plain; Salinealkaline land; Inorganic carbon
土壤碳库包括土壤有机碳库和土壤无机碳库。前者是湿润、半湿润地区碳库的主要形式,而后者是干旱、半干旱地区土壤碳库的主要形式,一般比土壤有机碳库大2~5倍。有学者估算,全球土壤无机碳库为700~1 000 Pg[1-3]。黑龙江省的盐碱地面积为11 640 km2,占全省总土地面积的3%,主要分布在黑龙江省重要农区和牧区之一的松嫩平原,其中近1/3为含盐量超过1%的重度盐碱地,目前对其土壤碳库还缺乏深入了解。土壤无机碳的剖面分布与母质、气候、地貌、生物群落以及人为活动等密切相关[4-7]。目前,国内外对土壤无机碳库的研究主要集中在草原和灌溉地区的农田,对各种陆地生态系统中土壤无机碳的转化、运移机理及碳库贮量还知之甚少。近年来,土壤碳储库日益受到关注,且有许多研究试图阐明土壤对全球碳循环的影响。……
