收获期对中单9409和中原单32玉米秸秆主要化学成分的影响
2014-10-21闫贵龙田树飞穆秀敏曹春梅王瑞兵
闫贵龙 田树飞 穆秀敏 曹春梅 王瑞兵
摘要 [目的] 研究收获期对中单9409和中原单32玉米秸秆主要化学成分的影响。 [方法] 选用玉米品种中单9409和中单元32作为试验材料,研究收获期对其秸秆主要化学成分的影响。[结果] 中单9409品种秸秆在1/4乳线期营养价值最高,其他收获期营养价值差异不明显;中原单32品种秸秆在3/4乳线期营养价值最高,1/4乳线期次之,4/4乳线期最差。[结论] 中单9409在冻死时收获最佳,这更有利于籽粒中营养物质的积累。
关键词 中单9409;中原单32;收获期;玉米秸秆;化学成分
中图分类号 S513 文献标识码
A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)33-11731-03
Effects of Harvesting Time on the Main Chemical Components in the Stalks of Corn Varieties Zhongdan No.9409 and Zhongyuandan No.32
YAN Gui-long , TIAN Shu-fei, MU Xiu-min et al (College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Xuanhua, Hebei 075131)
Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of harvesting time on the main chemical components in the stalks of corn varieties Zhongdan No.9409 and Zhongyuandan No.32. [Method] Taking corn varieties Zhongdan No.9409 and Zhongyuandan No.32 as test materials, the effects of harvesting time on their main chemical components were studied. [Result] The stalks of Zhongdan No.9409 harvested in 1/4 milk line stage had the highest nutritive value, and the nutritive value in other harvesting stages had no significant difference. The stalks of Zhongyuandan No.32 harvested in 3/4 milk line stage had the highest nutritive value, and its nutritive value in 1/4 milk line stage was the second, and that in 4/4 milk line stage was the worst. [Conclusion] The best harvesting time of Zhongdan No.9409 was winter-killing time, which was favorable for the accumulation of nutriments in corn grains.
Key words Zhongdan No.9409; Zhongyuandan No.32; Harvesting time; Corn stalks; Chemical components
基金項目 河北省科技计划项目(11220418);河北北方学院校级创新团队项目(CXTD1305)。
作者简介 闫贵龙 (1962- ),男,河北万全人,教授,博士,从事动物营养和家禽生产研究。
收稿日期 2014-10-13
玉米是我国北方的主要粮食作物,但随着人们生活水平的提高,玉米除了部分作为鲜食外,主要作为饲料被利用。然而,无论是玉米籽粒还是玉米秸秆,粗蛋白含量低是其主要缺陷。为此,育种学家们近年来培养出许多蛋白质含量高、质量好的玉米品种,其中中原单32和中单9409是典型代表[1-2]。中原单32是由中国农业科学院原子能利用所选育而成的,其籽粒粗蛋白含量为12.77%,比我国商品玉米粗蛋白含量高4.87个百分点,比美国商品玉米粗蛋白含量高4.37个百分点,秸秆粗蛋白含量为7.8%~10.54%,平均值为9.20%,比普通杂交种秸秆粗蛋白含量增加4.7个百分点[2-3]。中单9409是中国农业科学院作物研究所培育的优质蛋白玉米品种,其籽粒粗蛋白含量为10.2%,赖氨酸含量为0.41%,比普通玉米提高60%以上,粗淀粉含量71.7%,粗脂肪含量3.6%[4-6]。……
