健康教育干预在胃癌根治术患者围术期中的应用效果观察
2014-09-02郑云娅盛红
郑云娅 盛红
[摘要] 目的 探讨健康教育干预在胃癌根治术患者围术期中的应用效果。方法 60例行胃癌根治术患者根据干预方法不同分为干预组和对照组,每组30例,对照组围术期采用常规对症护理及健康宣教,干预组在对照组的基础上着重实施健康教育干预,比较两组的出血量、肛门排气时间、住院时间,术后不同时间VAS评分、健康知识达标率、并发症。 结果 干预组患者的出血量明显少于对照组 (P<0.05)。干预组患者术后肛门排气时间、住院时间明显短于对照组 (P<0.05)。干预组患者术后12 h、术后1 d、术后3 d的VAS评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预组患者的健康知识掌握达标率达93.3%,明显高于对照组 (P<0.05)。干预组患者并发症发生率6.7%,明显低于对照组(33.3%)(P<0.05)。结论 在胃癌根治术围术期实施系统的健康教育干预措施,可以减轻患者的疼痛、缩短住院时间、减少并发症的发生,从而促进患者疾病的尽快恢复。
[关键词] 胃癌根治术;围术期;健康教育;护理;并发症
[中图分类号] R473.73 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2014)23-0087-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of health education intervention application radical gastrectomy in patients with perioperative period. Methods A total of 60 patients with gastric cancer patients according to the different interventions were randomly assigned to the intervention group and the control group, 30 patients in the control group took conventional random perioperative symptomatic care and health education, intervention group on the basis of the control group focused on health education interventions, bleeding, anal exhaust time, hospital stay, postoperative VAS scores at different times, health knowledge compliance rate, concurrent disease were compared. Results The bleeding amount of intervention group was significantly less than the control group (P<0.05).The anal exhaust time, hospital stay of intervention group was significantly shorter than the control group(P<0.05). After intervention 12 h, one day, three days, the VAS score of intervention group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05). The health knowledge to master compliance rate of intervention group was 93.3%, was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05). The complication rate of intervention group was 6.7%, was significantly lower than the control group(33.3%)(P<0.05). Conclusion The system health education interventions in the perioperative gastric cancer, can reduce the patient's pain, short hospital stays, reduce complications, thereby contributing to restore the patient's disease.
[Key words] Radical gastrectomy; Perioperative; Health education; Nursing; Complications
胃癌好发于50岁以上人群,其发病率逐年升高,手术是治疗胃癌的重要方法之一,其中胃癌根治术是能够达到治愈目的的重要方法,即使不能达到根治的目的,也可使肿瘤组织减少到最低限度[1]。但胃癌根治术手术创伤大、时间长、术后并发症多,致胃癌患者行根治术围术期会产生焦虑、恐惧等负性心理,而这种不健康的心理会通过神经内分泌的改变削弱机体的免疫力,导致病情急剧恶化[2]。因此围手术期的护理及健康教育预对于患者疾病的恢复至关重要,恰当细微的围手术护理及健康教育干预可促进患者早日康复,减少术后并发症的发生。
1资料与方法
1.1临床资料
选择2012年1月~2014年1月我院行胃癌根治术的患者60例,均经胃镜及病理活检确诊。其中男38例,女22例。年龄52~78岁,中位年龄56.2岁。文化程度:高中及以下37例,大专及以上23例。肿瘤部位:胃窦部36例,胃体部17例,贲门7例。全部患者依据干预方法不同分为干预组和对照组,每组30例,两组的年龄、性别、病史、临床表现等一般资料方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。见……
