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0~6岁听损助听后儿童教育现状及需求的调查研究

2014-05-13许海燕李赞马玉娇陈晨朱媛董红艳

科教导刊 2014年12期
关键词:儿童

许海燕 李赞 马玉娇 陈晨 朱媛 董红艳

摘 要 目的:了解0~6岁听损助听后儿童教育现状及需求。方法:使用自制问卷表《0-6岁听力补偿或重建儿童康复教育需求调查问卷》,分别对听损儿童家长及其教师进行抽样调查,根据其结果总结并分析0~6岁听损助听后儿童的教育现状与需求。结果:①听损助听后儿童助听辅具佩戴意识加强,但助听效果有待改善;②沟通方式需求尚未全面满足,适性沟通方式有待进一步研究;③康复教育的课程构成和团队不够全面;④安置模式形式多样,但适切性有待加强。结论: 0~6对听损助听后儿童的康复教育应在遵循传统康复教育基础上,切合其更多的特殊需求。

关键词 听损 助听 儿童

中图分类号:G761.2 文献标识码:A

Study on the Status and the Needs of Hearing Aid of 0-6

Years Hearing Loss Children's Education

XU Haiyan, LI Zan, MA Yujiao, CHEN Chen, ZHU Yuan, DONG Hongyan

(Nanjing Technical College of Special Education, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210038)

Abstract Objective: To understand hearing loss 0-6 years to help children's education status and needs to hear. Methods: Questionnaire homemade "0-6 years of hearing compensation or rehabilitation of children with educational needs rebuilding questionnaire" were parents of children with hearing loss and their teachers conducted a sample survey, summarized and analyzed 0-6 year old hearing aids hearing loss according to the results after the child's educational status quo and demand. Results: ① hearing loss Hearing aid hearing aids for children to wear to strengthen awareness, but room for improvement in hearing results; ② not yet fully meet the needs of communication, adaptive communication needs further study; ③ rehabilitation and education programs constitute the team is not comprehensive enough ; ④ placement patterns in various forms, but the appropriateness needs to be strengthened. Conclusion: 0-6 against hearing loss Hearing aid rehabilitation education for children should follow the traditional basis of rehabilitation, education, tailored to their specific needs more.

Key words hearing loss; hearing aid; children

0 前言

聽损是世界范围内的多发病。在我国,据2006年第二次全国残疾人抽样调查结果推算,现有听力残疾2780万人,占残疾人总数24.16%,其中0~6岁听损儿童约13.7万。然而,随着听力学技术的发展,助听器和人工耳蜗被越来越多的听损患者所接纳。然而,多年来的聋童教育理论和现有的康复技术及教育模式是否适合这些新生群体的需要,目前还缺乏这方面的实证研究。本研究针对听力补偿或重建后听损儿童的发展需求,在现有研究成果的基础上,结合实际,设计康复教育需求的调查问卷,分别对听损儿童教师和其家长进行调查,以真正了解听力补偿或重建后听损儿童的康复教育需求,为其康复教育提出合适对策,进一步促进我国听力语言康复事业的发展。……

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