摘 要 掌握第二门外语日益成为很多大中学生的选择，但是对于现代快速的社会学习生活来说，如何能够适应社会的发展，快速高效掌握一门外语显得很重要。笔者根据多年高校日语教学和培训机构日语教学的经验，总结出一种可以快速高效掌握日语的短期焦点语言应用日语学习法。该方法根据日语的特点，将语音、词性、活用、四种谓语句、一般句型和约定俗成的惯用表达作为短期焦点，并以此为切入点探讨外语教学改革的可行路径。

关键词 短期高效 焦点语言应用 日语的特点 可行性

中图分类号：G424 文献标识码：A

Short-term Language Use Focused Japanese Learning Method

LI Shuxia

(Business College of Shaanxi University, Taiyuan, Shaanxi 030031)

Abstract Learning a second foreign language has become a choice for many high school students and college students. The writer thinks it's very important for them to learn a foreign language quickly and effectively to adapt to the quick development of the society. Based on many years' experiences in college Japanese language teaching and training school teaching, the writer summed up a method of learning Japanese language- short period language use focused method, which can help Japanese language learners learn more quickly and effectively. In accordance with the characteristics of Japanese language, this method focuses on the learning of pronunciation, parts of speech, conjugation, four types of predicates, general sentence patterns and idioms. With this method, language learners who don't major in Japanese can learn it effectively. Meanwhile, this can be seen as an approach to the feasibility of foreign language teaching reform.

Key words short period; language use focused; characteristics of Japanese language; feasibility

过去的外语学习通常沿用语音、词汇、语法、句子、文章这样的套路式程序，使得听、说、读、写各项技能要达到可应用的程度一般需花费较多的时间。随着社会生活节奏的加快，用漫长的学习周期使一门外语达到可应用的水平已经难以适应就业的需求。特别是对于高等学校在校生来说，学第二外语显然不可能像学第一门外语那样从小学、初中到高中花费十多年时间。因此，不管是兴趣或是就业需要，想用较短时间掌握诸如日语这门同汉语有一定渊源关系的专业外语，短期焦点语言学习方法不失为一种可行的方法。该方法强调抓住日语学习中的几个知识和技能的焦点，并实现知识与技能的融合对接，从而增强日语教学全过程中焦点知识序性对接，找到提升教学效率的便捷路子。

1 日语的特点

日本著名语言学家金田春彦在《日语的特点》一书中指出孤立性是日语的特性。……