响应面法优化即食腊肉的制备工艺
2025-08-09唐洁崔俊林李翔
Optimization of the Preparation Process of Ready-to-Eat Cured Meat Using Response Surface Methodology
TANG Jie, CUI Junlin, LI Xiang (Chongqing Three GorgesVocational College, Chongqing 404155, China)
Abstract: Using cured meat as the raw material and sensory evaluation as the evaluation index,the production process conditions of ready to eatcured meat were optimized through single factor and response surface experiments. The results showed that the optimal preparation conditions for ready to eat cured meat were soaking time of 48 minutes, steaming time of 25min , and sterilization temperature of 118∘C . Under these conditions, the ready to eat cured meat had an oilycolor,a fragrant and salty aroma,and a sensoryscore of 89.54 points, which was close to the predicted value.
Keywords: ready-to-eat cured meat; response surface methodology; process optimization
腊肉制品历史悠久,属于世界饮食文化遗产之二[。腊肉通常采用腌制、晾晒、熏制等工序制成[2]。作为我国传统美食,其以独特的色泽和风味深受消费者喜爱,市场前景广阔[3]。然而,传统腊肉制品往往存在高盐,表面沾有熏烟残留物、粉尘和出油等问题,导致消费者在购买腊肉后必须进行额外加工,从而延长了烹饪时间[4。随着中国经济的快速增长和城镇化进程的加速,人们的饮食观念逐渐发生改变,对即食肉类的需求持续增长[5]。近年来,关于即食腊肉的研究虽有所开展,但仍处于初步阶段。例如,周志等使用土家族薇菜与腊肉复配,开发出具有民族特色的即食腊肉产品;陈新欣[4以过热蒸汽加工即食腊肉,确定了干豆角炒腊肉的加工工艺条件。然而相关的研究表明,即食腊肉在高温高压煮制过程中易出现软化[7,口感偏咸。同时,目前关于即食腊肉脱盐和质构改善的技术研究较少。基于此,本文以川式腊肉为研究对象,采取浸泡、蒸煮和高温高压灭菌等工艺处理,优化工艺参数,旨在提升即食腊肉的产品品质和口感,为其工业化生产提供理论依据。
1材料与方法
1.1材料
熏制后的腊肉,重庆褚味生态农业科技有限公司。
1.2仪器与设备
FA2204B型电子天平,上海海康电子仪器厂;LDZH-150KBS立式压力蒸汽灭菌锅,广州瑞丰实验设备有限公司。
1.3 实验方法
1.3.1 加工工艺
(1)工艺流程。腊肉- 浸泡- 蒸煮 - 冷却-切片-真空包装 - 高温高压灭菌 - 成品。
(2)操作要点。选取 500g 腊肉样品,将其置于清水中浸泡一定时间后,取出并晾干,随后将腊肉放入蒸煮锅中加热煮制一定时间,取出后自然冷却至室温。……
