Analysis of the Surveillance Results of Foodborne Diseases in Linyi County， Dezhou City in 2023

YUWeiwei （Linyi County Center for Disease Control and Prevention，Dezhou 2515oo， China）

Abstract： Objective： To analyze the surveilance results of foodborne diseases in Linyi county， Dezhou city in 2023，ad provide a strong basis for formulating prevention and control measures for foodborne diseases.Method： The surveillance data offoodborne diseases from l6 sentinel hospitals in Linyicounty，Dezhou city in 2023 were summarized andanalyzed，and thecharacteristicsof diferent populations，time，clinical symptoms，exposed foods， and dining places were described.Result：In 2O23，a totalof5160 foodborne disease cases were monitored inLinyi county，Dezhou city， including 2 662 males and 2 498 females，with a male -to - female ratio of 1.07：1 The cases were mainly concentrated in the age group of 45～74 years （3 063 cases， 59.36% ）. The majority were farmers （4 100 cases， 79.46% ）， followed by students （390 cases， 7.56% ）. The peak incidence occurred from April to August each year. The suspected foods were mainly vegetables and their products （l 697 cases， 32.56% ）andfruitsand their products（1 386 cases， 26.59% ）.The processing and packaging methods of exposed foods were mainly homemade （2 588 cases， 49.65% ）， followed by bulk foods （1 910 cases， 36.65% ）. The suspected dining places were mostly at home （4 975 cases， 95.45% ）. Conclusion： Relevant departments should strengthen food safety supervision and carry out targeted health promotion to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of foodborne diseases.

Keywords： foodborne diseases; surveillance; analysis

《中华人民共和国食品安全法》第一百五十条对食源性疾病进行定义，即“食源性疾病，指食品中致病因素进入人体引起的感染性、中毒性等疾病，包括食物中毒。”据世界卫生组织估计，每年全世界有6亿人因食用受污染的食品而患病，其中约有42万人死亡[]。食源性疾病是非常严重的公共卫生问题，给民众的健康和社会经济带来沉重负担。本文通过对山东省德州市临邑县2023年食源性疾病监测数据进行分析，探讨临邑县食源性疾病的发生规律和特点，为制订食源性疾病控制措施提供科学依据。

1对象与方法

1.1调查对象

以《食源性疾病监测报告系统》中德州市临邑县2023年报告的食源性疾病病例信息为研究对象。

1.2 监测方法

采用描述性和分析性流行病学方法，导出2023年1月1日一12月31日食源性疾病病例信息，包括基本信息、临床症状和体征、可疑暴露食品种类、可疑暴露食品加工和包装方式以及进食场所分布等内容。

2 结果与分析

2.1 基本情况

临邑县隶属于山东省德州市，地处鲁北平原，属暖温带半湿润季风气候，常住人口45.63万人。临邑县共有16家食源性疾病监测哨点医院，其中二级以上医疗机构4家，乡镇卫生院（社区卫生服务中心）12家，2023年共报告食源性疾病病例5160例，无死亡病例报告。

2.2 人群分布

2023年，临邑县食源性病例共报告5160例，其中男性2662例，占比 51.59% ；女性2498例，占比48.41% ，男性略多于女性，比例为 1.07：1. 在年龄分布上，主要集中在 45～74 岁，其中 45～54 岁的发病人数最多，为1091例，占比 21.14% ；其次为 65～ 74岁，发病人数为1066例，占比 20.66% ；……