中图分类号：F279.2；G353.1 文献标识码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1672-2272.202501070

The Impact of Tournament Experience on College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ability：A Meta-Analysis

Li Honglingl，Sun Jiaming² （1.National Security College，South Central Minzu University，Wuhan 43oo74，China; 2.School of Public Policy and Administration，Nanchuang University，Nanchang 33oo31，China）

Abstract：Innovation and entrepreneurship competitions have ignited a fervent wave of participation among undergraduate students.Nevertheless，the academic community has yet to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the relationship between competition experience and the innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities of undergraduate students. This study utilizes the meta一analysis methodology to integrate and code existing relevant literature.From 27 empirical studies，the independent variable of innovation and entrepreneurship competitions and the dependent variable of undergraduate students’innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities are extracted.These variables are subsequently categorized into four major dimensions （namely，competition experience，personal factors，interactive relationships，and competition atmosphere） and three major capability constructs （namely，overall capability， basic capability，and core capability）.Thereafter，heterogeneity tests，publication bias tests，and effect size analyses are conducted. The results indicate that competition experience exerts a positive influence on the three types of innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities of undergraduate students.Specifically，the most pronounced enhancement is observed in the“core capability，”while the improvement in “overall capability”and“basic capability”is comparatively modest. Concurrently，the competition atmosphere also exhibits a relatively significant impact on the enhancement of undergraduate students’overall innovation and entrepreneurship capability.In contrast，personal traits and interactive relationships are found to have the least influence on the augmentation of undergraduate students’overallinnovation and entrepreneurship capability.

Key Words：Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition； Innovation and Entrepreneurship Capabilities；College Students;Meta-Analysis

0 引言

大学生创新创业能力是大学生学习与运用创新创业相关知识、技能、方法与工具等，开展创新创业活动全过程的综合能力[。大学生创新创业能力培养是当今教育领域中备受瞩目的议题，对于塑造未来社会经济发展方向至关重要。近年来，秉承“以赛促学、以赛促教、以赛促创”的宗旨，我国为在校大学生搭建了若干重要创新创业竞赛平台，参赛人数和赛事影响逐年递增。如第十八届“挑战杯”全国大学生课外学术科技作品竞赛共吸引全国2000多所高校、40余万件作品、250多万名学生参赛[2]；2023年第八届中国国际“互联网 + \"大学生创新创业大赛参赛人数高达3983万，孵化出943万个竞赛团队，其搭建全球性创新创业竞赛平台，吸引国外107个国家和地区的1340所学校、7944个项目和25260人参赛[3]。

但是，由于创新创业能力概念内涵的复杂性和多元性，创新创业竞赛对提升大学生创新创业能力的效用和作用机制在学界尚未形成统一结论。《中国青年创业发展报告》调查发现，有 54% 大学生创业者参加过创新创业大赛4，这表明创新创业大赛在大学生创业群体中具有较高的参与度，这些竞赛经历不仅能够提升大学生的商业策划能力，还能够帮助其积累人脉资源，可见竞赛经历在创业阶段的效益十分突出。但也有研究认为，竞赛对大学生创新创业能力并没有显著影响[5]；考取行业证书、自主发起社会实践项目等，也能获得替代性资源，因此竞赛经历并不构成大学生的职业路径依赖。……