【中图分类号】G806 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-2813（2025）18-0005-04

【摘要】花样游泳是一项集游泳、技巧舞蹈和音乐编排于一体的水中运动，托举、冲起、跃起等动作模式要求运动员具备优秀的下肢爆发力。复合式训练是将大负荷力量训练与增强式训练相融合的训练方式，其中法式对比训练作为一种较为经典的训练方式，目前已广泛应用于各类项目体能训练，然而当前尚无花样游泳运动员应用该训练方式的案例。该研究利用8周时间，将法式对比训练法应用于北京花样游泳一线队员，探究训练前后运动员下肢最大力量和爆发力的变化情况。研究结果显示，训练后运动员的1RM半蹲绝对值和相对值均显著增长（ Plt;0.001， ；反向运动跳、蹲跳、跳深高度均显著增加（ Plt;0.001 ；预先激活百分比和反应力量指数分别在不同程度上显著增长 （P=0.002，P=0.013） 。整体来看，干预后运动员的下肢最大力量、爆发力和拉长一缩短周期机制利用能力明显提升。使用法式对比训练能够更大程度地实现力量转换，帮助运动员在避免过度增加肌肉维度的情况下更高效地提升最大力量和爆发力，进而提升运动员的运动表现，降低运动中的损伤风险。

[Abstract] Synchronized swimming is a water sport that combines swimming，techniques dance and music choreography.The lifting， jumping，and other movement modes require athletes to have excellent lower limb explosive power. Complex training is a training method that integrates high-load strength training with enhanced training. Among them，Frenchcontrast training，asaclasictraining method，has beenwidelyused invarious physicalfitnesstraning projects.However，there are currently no cases of synchronized swimmers applying this training method.This study applied the French contrast training method to Beijing synchronized swimming team members over an 8- weekperiod to investigate thechanges inthemaximumlowerlimb strengthandexplosivepower beforeandafterthe training.The study results showed that the absolute and relative values of1RM half-squatofthe athletes increased significantly after the training （ Plt;0.001 ; The heights of reverse movement jumping， squatting jumping and depth jumping all increased significantly （Plt;0.001） ; The pre-activation percentage and reactive strength index increased significantly to varying degrees ⋅_P=0.002 ，P=0.013）.Overallafter intervention，athletes' maximum lower limb strength，explosive power，and ability to utilize the stretching shortening cycle mechanism were significantly improved.The use ofFrench contrast training canachieveagreaterdegree of strengthconversion，helpingathletes toeficiently increase maximumstrength and explosive power while avoiding excesive increase in muscle volume，thereby enhancing their athletic performance and reducing the risk of injury during exercise.

[Keywords] Synchronized swimming;French contrast training; Lower limb strength; Maximum strength; Explosive power

基金项目：北京市体育局科研课题（项目名称：八周渐进抗阻吸气肌训练对提升花样游泳运动员肺功能及运动能力的监控研究，项目编号：2022BTP005）。

作者简介：邓羽（1980一），女，本科，高级教练，研究方向为花样游泳专项运动。樊云彩（1980一），女，硕士，副研究员，研究方向为运动能力评估。

花样游泳是一种集游泳、技巧舞蹈和音乐编排于一体的运动项目。……