【中图分类号】G806 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-2813（2025）18-0018-03

[Abstract] Driven bythe employment一oriented talenttraining goalof vocational education，the precise alignmentof thephysical training system with the vocational needs ofhigher vocational colege students has becomeakeyissue to be solved urgently.Through aprofessional analysis of the existing physical training system，it was foundthat there are significant shortcomings in terms of movement pattern matching， energy metabolism training adaptation，and environmental simulation training.This paper proposes optimization strategies based on the dynamic characteristic analysisof occupational movements，the design of personalized energy metabolism training programs，and the construction ofsimulated vocational scene training environments，in combination with the problems existing in the constructionof physical training systems for vocational college students' vocational needs.Theaim is to enhance the supporting roleof physical training invocational skilldevelopmentand provide theoreticalbasisand practical guidance for the scientific development of physical training systems in higher vocational education.

[KeyWords] Higher vocational collge students; Vocational needs; Physical training system; Construction strategy; Sports biomechanics

作者简介：程斌（1985一），男，本科，助理讲师，研究方向为体育教育学。

《关于深化现代职业教育体系建设改革的实施方案》强调，职业教育应对接产业需求、提升人才培养质量。体能素质作为职业能力的重要组成部分，其相关训练体系的科学性与职业适配性将直接影响高职学生的职业发展[1]。当前，我国高职体能训练普遍存在课程内容与职业岗位需求脱节的现象。例如，在机电一体化专业中，学生在实际工作中需频繁开展设备检修、零件装配等工作，此类工作对上肢力量、手部动作精细控制以及身体协调性要求较高。然而，现有体能训练仍以传统的跑步、立定跳远等普适性项目为主，未能针对专业岗位需求设计相应的训练内容[2]。这种训练与职业需求的不匹配，不仅造成体能训练资源的浪费，还可能因职业劳损影响学生的职业发展。因此，深入研究基于高职学生职业需求的体能训练体系构建策略具有重要的现实意义。

1基于高职学生职业需求的体能训练体系构建的意义

1.1促进职业动作模式的神经肌肉适应性发展

神经肌肉适应性发展是个体在特定动作模式下，神经系统与肌肉系统协同优化的过程。在职业活动中，不同专业对神经肌肉控制有着独特要求[3]。以汽车维修专业为例，学生在进行发动机拆装作业时，需手部、腕部、时部等多关节协同运动，同时保持精准的力量控制和动作稳定性。……