APP下载

脱细胞基质材料在整形外科中的应用

2025-06-13李静陈华

中国美容医学 2025年6期
关键词:临床应用

[摘要]现今,脱细胞胞外基质(Decellularized extracellular matrix,dECM)可以在体内调节细胞功能,发现其在整形美容外科领域,包括皮肤、面部、颌骨以及乳房等方面均可以得到广泛应用。由此衍生的脱细胞基质材料不仅具有胶原网架结构,还可以作为一种内置的物理支架,从而诱导细胞生长、迁移和修复。它是根据内源性诱导再生的作用原理而实现的,因此,具有一定的抗感染性,并且还发现在一定程度上具有组织特异性的特点。另外,脱细胞基质材料因其易塑形的本质,适用于填充体内不规则组织坏死形成的囊腔、修复大面积皮肤缺损、先天畸形等,作为植入物可用于乳房重建、隆鼻等方面。

[关键词]脱细胞基质材料;脱细胞胞外基质;整形外科;临床应用;生物材料

[中图分类号]R622" " [文献标志码]A" " [文章编号]1008-6455(2025)06-0183-04

Application of Decellularized Matrix Material in Orthopedics

LI Jing1, CHEN Hua2

( 1.Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia, China; 2.Department of Plastic Surgery, Beauty and Burn, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia, China )

Abstract: Nowadays, Decellularized Extracellular Matrix (dECM) can regulate cellular function in vivo, and it has been found to be widely used in the field of plastic and aesthetic surgery, including skin, face, jaw and breast. The resulting acellular matrix material not only has a collagen grid structure, but also acts as a built-in physical scaffold to induce cell growth, migration, and repair. It is achieved according to the principle of action of endogenous induction of regeneration, so it also has a certain resistance to infection, and it is also found to have tissue-specific characteristics to a certain extent. Due to its easily shapeable nature, decellularized matrix materials are suitable for filling the cyst cavity formed by irregular tissue necrosis in the body, repairing large skin defects and congenital malformations. and as an implant for breast reconstruction, rhinoplasty, etc.

Key words: decellularized matrix material; decellularized extracellular matrix; plastic surgery; clinical practice; biomaterial

整形外科手术原本是以手术方法进行自体的组织移植、注射填充,也可以使用异体、异种组织或组织替代品填充来达到改善外貌、修复缺损或畸形组织的目的。早期用于整形外科的生物材料,包括自体材料(骨、软骨、真皮以及脂肪组织等)和异体材料(异种组织、天然生物材料、人工高分子材料,例如硅胶假体、聚四氟乙烯膨体、胶原蛋白、透明质酸等)[1-3]。学者们一直致力于寻求一种“理想”的生物材料,首先,满足安全性的要求,既要有组织相容性,还要不存在毒性、变态反应性、炎症反应性、致癌性等;同时要具有稳定的物理、化学性,耐腐蚀等要求。其次,理想的生物材料在填充后还要具备良好的手感,质地柔软,不移位、易塑形等特点[2-3]。……

登录APP查看全文

猜你喜欢

临床应用
股前外侧穿支皮瓣的个性化手术设计与临床应用
亚甲蓝染色法乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检术的临床应用体会
中医护理在糖尿病足患者足部护理的临床应用修改
超声引导下乳腺穿刺活检的临床应用探讨
奥美拉唑的药学药理分析及临床应用探讨
浅析涌泉穴
珍珠的市场前景及药性成分、功效的研究
渭南地区道地药材沙苑子应用研究
超声造影在乳腺癌诊断和治疗中的临床应用进展