细胞外囊泡促进毛发生长的研究进展
2025-06-13宋元明李遇梅
[摘要]脱发是如今困扰现代人的难题之一,当前主要治疗手段(药物治疗与手术干预)虽有效果,但仍存在一定局限性。细胞外囊泡(Extracellular vesicles,EV)携带蛋白质、RNA和microRNA等重要物质,可作为细胞外信使并促进细胞间的通讯,从而参与多种生理过程。最近的研究表明,细胞外囊泡可以促进毛发生长。基于此,本文总结了关于细胞外囊泡在不同毛发相关细胞中促进毛发生长的作用,以期为临床应用细胞外囊泡治疗脱发提供新的思路。
[关键词]细胞外囊泡;外泌体;毛发生长;毛乳头细胞;毛基质细胞
[中图分类号]R758.71" " [文献标志码]A" " [文章编号]1008-6455(2025)06-0187-04
Research Progress on Extracellular Vesicles Promoting Hair Growth
SONG Yuanming1, LI Yumei2
( 1.Department of Dermatology, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot 010107, Inner Mongolia, China; 2.Department of Dermatology, Jiangsu University Affiliated Hospital, Zhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China )
Abstract: Hair loss is a common problem that afflicts modern individuals. Currently, the primary methods for treating hair loss are medication and surgery, but these treatments still have some limitations. Extracellular vesicles (EV) contain proteins, RNA, and microRNAs that can be transported to recipient cells, functioning as extracellular messengers and participating in cell-to-cell communication. Recent research has demonstrated that extracellular vesicles can stimulate hair growth. This article summarizes the role of extracellular vesicles in promoting hair growth in various hair-related cells and offers new insights into the use of extracellular vesicles for treating hair loss.
Key words: extracellular vesicles; exosomes; hair growth; dermal papilla cells; hair matrix cells
头发对于人的外貌起着重要的影响。压力、激素、营养等因素会影响头发周期,进而导致毛囊的再生能力变弱[1]。目前针对脱发问题已有一些治疗方案,如外科手术和药物治疗,但这些方法仍存在疗效不佳、价格高昂等局限性。近年来,细胞外囊泡在再生医学中引起了研究人员的极大兴趣,并被证实在毛发相关细胞的治疗中具有潜在优势。细胞外囊泡是指细胞释放的各种亚型膜成分的总称,包括外泌体、微囊泡和凋亡小体[2]。它们携带RNA、蛋白质、类脂等货物,并可将其转运到受体细胞,从而发挥在细胞间、组织间通讯的关键作用。细胞外囊泡已成功应用于多个疾病模型中,包括心血管疾病、皮肤疾病以及癌症等[3]。因此,本文就细胞外囊泡在不同毛发相关细胞的治疗效果进行总结如下。
1" 细胞外囊泡的概念
细胞外囊泡(EV)是由脂质双分子层分泌的囊泡。……
