基于MRI的三维重建技术在保留盆腔自主神经的腹腔镜直肠癌D3根治术中的应用价值
2024-07-13陈佳佳柯映平郭伟毅杨熙叶海璇洪建文
陈佳佳 柯映平 郭伟毅 杨熙 叶海璇 洪建文
【摘要】目的 评估利用MRI图像三维重建直肠癌患者盆腔自主神经以及周围器官在腹腔镜直肠癌D3根治术中的应用价值。方法 将56例直肠癌患者随机分为重建组和对照组,重建组术前依照MRI三维重建结果制定手术方案,对照组按常规方式制定手术方案,比较2组术中及术后功能恢复相关指标。结果 重建的三维模型能个体化呈现患者盆腔自主神经以及周围器官分布关系。与对照组相比,重建组的手术时间缩短[(143.7±13.3)min vs.(151.5±12.1)min,
P = 0.040)],失血量减少[(31.3±12.1)mL vs.(39.4±11.6) mL,P = 0.024)],国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)更优[(6.0±1.3)分 vs.(7.9±2.6)分,P = 0.003)]。此外,重建组的术后拔除尿管时间较对照组短[2.0(2.0,2.0)d vs.
3.5(3.0,4.0)d,P < 0.001]。结论 基于MRI的盆腔自主神经三维重建能准确呈现盆腔自主神经及器官的解剖关系,提高了D3根治术的效率和安全性,可为术者制定精细化、个性化的手术方案提供重要参考。
【关键词】直肠癌;腹腔镜;D3根治术;盆腔自主神经;三维重建技术
Application value of MRI-based 3D reconstruction technology in laparoscopic D3 radical resection
of rectal cancer with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation
CHEN Jiajia1, KE Yingping1, GUO Weiyi2, YANG Xi1, YE Haixuan1,3, HONG Jianwen1
(1.Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chaozhou Central Hospital, Chaozhou 521000, China; 2.Department of Medical Imaging, Chaozhou Central Hospital, Chaozhou 521000, China; 3.The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University,
Guangzhou 510515, China)
Corresponding author: HONG Jianwen, E-mail: HJW55688@sina.com
【Abstract】Objective To evaluate the application value of the MRI-based three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of pelvic autonomous nerves and surrounding organs in laparoscopic D3 radical resection for rectal cancer. Methods Fifty-six
patients with rectal cancer were randomly divided into the reconstruction and control groups. In the reconstruction group, surgical plans were formulated based on preoperative MRI 3D reconstruction. In the control group, conventional surgical plans were formulated. Intraoperative and postoperative functional recovery-related indicators were compared between two groups. Results The 3D reconstruction model provided individualized visualization of the distribution relationship between the pelvic autonomous nerves and surrounding organs. Compared to the control group, patients in the reconstruction group had significantly shorter operation time ((143.7±13.3)min vs. (151.5±12.1) min, P = 0.040), less blood loss ((31.3±12.1) mL vs. (39.4±11.6) mL, P = 0.024)), improved IPSS score ((6.0±1.3) vs. (7.9±2.6), P = 0.003), and shorter duration of urinary catheter removal (2.0(2.0, 2.0)d vs. 3.5(3.0, 4.0)d, P < 0.001). Conclusions MRI-based 3D reconstruction of pelvic autonomous nerves provides a more precise visualization of the anatomical position of the pelvic autonomous nerves and surrounding organs, ultimately improving the efficiency and safety of D3 resection. It offers important reference for surgeons in formulating precise and individualized surgical plans.
【Key words】Rectal cancer; Laparoscopes; D3 radical resection; Pelvic autonomous nerve;
Three-dimensional reconstruction technology
直肠癌是我国发病率、病死率均位于前列的恶性肿瘤之一,对广大群众健康造成严重威胁[1]。1982年,Heald等[2]提出的全直肠系膜切除(total mesorectal excision,TME)是目前中低位直肠癌主要的治疗方法。尽管保留盆腔自主神经(pelvic autonomic nerve preservation,PANP)的TME可有效避免泌尿生殖功能障碍的发生,但仍有部分患者需要进一步行D3根治术,即肠系膜下动脉根部淋巴结(No.253淋巴结)清扫,以提高生存率[3]。该技术要求主刀医师掌握更高水平的解剖分离技术和更精确的盆腔解剖结构来避免腰内脏神经和肠系膜下神经丛的损伤[4]。目前对盆底自主神经及血管的解剖研究主要基于解剖学、胎儿组织胚胎学等,但各个血管、神经的位置均存在一定比例的解剖变异及个体差异。在临床上主要通过CT、MRI等断层扫描数据来进行解剖定位及术前规划,但用二维图像去估计肿瘤与周围器官组织之间的位置关系,容易对血管及神经造成误伤。……
