手持SLAM设备在土方测量中的应用研究
2024-05-21王宗辉闫宏昌
王宗辉 闫宏昌
摘要:随着测绘技术的不断革新,传统的数据采集方法也在使用过程中出现了相关的弊端,无法满足现有项目的时间要求及精度要求,三维激光扫描技术的出现极大地提升了数据的质量和数据采集速度,为现有项目的开展提供了数据支持。本文基于手持SLAM技术在土方测量中的应用与优势展开研究,通过对手持SLAM技术原理、算法和关键技术进行分析,并结合工程实例利用手持SLAM和三维激光扫描仪对土方精度进行验证。实验证明,手持SLAM技术能够在土方测量中实现高精度、高效率的数据采集和建模,为土方方量计算奠定了数据基础。
关键词:手持SLAM 土方测量 数据采集 精度分析
中图分类号:TU986.3
Research on the Application of Handheld SLAM Equipment in Earthwork Measurement
WANG Zonghui YAN Hongchang*
Gansu Forestry Polychnic, Tianshui, Gansu Province, 741020 China
Abstract: With the continuous innovation of surveying and mapping technology, traditional data collection methods have also encountered related drawbacks in the use process and cannot meet the time and accuracy requirements of existing projects. The emergence of three-dimensional laser scanning technology has greatly improved the quality and collection speed of data, which provides data support for the development of existing projects. This article studies the application and advantages of handheld SLAM technology in earthwork survey, analyzes the principles, algorithms and key technologies of handheld SLAM technology, and uses handheld SLAM and 3D laser scanners to verify the accuracy of earthwork in combination with engineering examples. Experiments have shown that handheld SLAM technology can achieve high-precision and efficient data collection and modeling in earthwork measurement, which lays a data foundation for earthwork volume calculation.
Key Words: Handheld SLAM; Earthwork measurement; Data collection; Precision analysis
土方工程是建筑工程中重要的施工環节,土方测量作为土方工程的前期工作,对于土方工程的规划、设计和施工具有重要影响。目前土方测量的主要利用全站仪法、GNSS-RTK进行数据采集,利用三角网法等进行计算,由于数据采集的限制,存在效率低、精度不高等问题,因此需要引入新的技术手段来提升土方测量的效果。手持SLAM技术作为一种新兴的测量技术,具有较高的精度和效率,并且能够实现实时建模和数据采集,通过扫描技术迅速获取现场空间海量三维点云,构建地形Mesh网格,从而得到精确的土方量[1]。本文以手持SLAM技术对土方量进行精确测量,为土方工程的精确计算提供有益的参考。
1 手持SLAM技术概述
1.1 手持SLAM技术
手持SLAM(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping)技术是一种利用激光雷达、相机、惯性测量单元等传感器,通过实时建模和定位来实现环境感知和自主导航的技术[2]。……
