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甘肃草莓种业现状及发展对策

2023-12-13王卫成汤玲潘艳花贺欢杨馥霞唐小刚

甘肃农业科技 2023年11期
关键词:现状对策

王卫成 汤玲 潘艳花 贺欢 杨馥霞 唐小刚

摘要:为加快甘肃草莓种质资源保护和创新利用进程,优化整合草莓种业资源,促进草莓产业持续发展。通过调研和查阅文献资料,结合省内草莓种植的实际情况,分析了甘肃省草莓种业发展现状、优势和存在的问题,提出了抓紧摸清甘肃野生草莓种质资源家底;持续开展种质创新和新品种选育;加强冷凉地区草莓优质种苗繁育技术集成创新;打造草莓育苗优势特色产业;健全标准化生产技术体系;强化品牌意识,完善产业链条等甘肃省发展草莓种业的对策。

关键词:草莓;种业;现状;对策;甘肃省

中图分类号:S668.4               文献标志码:A              文章编号:2097-2172(2023)11-1009-04

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2023.11.005

Current Situation and Development Countermeasures of

Strawberry Seed Industry in Gansu

WANG Weicheng, TANG Ling, PAN Yanhua, HE Huan, YANG Fuxia, TANG Xiaogang

(Institute of Ftuit and Floricalture Research, Gansu Academy of Agricaltural Sciences, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China)

Abstract: To accelerate the protection and innovative utilization of strawberry germplasm resources in Gansu, to optimize and integrate strawberry seed industry resources, and to promote the sustainable development of the strawberry industry, through research and literature review combined with the actual situation of strawberry cultivation in Gansu, the development status, advantages, and existing issues of the strawberry seed industry in Gansu Province are analyzed. Countermeasures for the development of strawberry seed industry in Gansu are proposed with the following aspects included, i.e., quickly identifying the background of wild strawberry germplasm resources in Gansu Province, continuously carrying out germplasm innovation and new variety breedingwork, strengthening the integration and innovation of high-quality strawberry seedling breeding technology in cold and cool areas, creating advantageous characteristic industries for strawberry seedling cultivation, establishing a sound standardized production technology system, and strengthening brand awareness to improve the industrial chain.

Key words: Strawberry; Seed industry; Current situation; Countermeasure; Gansu Province

收稿日期:2022 - 12 - 11;修訂日期:2023 - 07 - 12

基金项目:兰州市科技计划项目(2022-2-88);甘肃省农业科学院重点研发项目(2020GAAS21)。

作者简介:王卫成(1968 —),男,甘肃白银人,副研究员,主要从事草莓育种工作。Email: wang216630@sohu.com。

草莓(Fragaria ananassa Duch.)属于蔷薇科(rosaceae)草莓属(Fragaria)多年生草本植物[1 - 5 ],株高10~40 cm;叶三出,小叶具短柄,质地较厚,倒卵形或菱形,顶端圆钝,基部阔楔形,叶柄长2~10 cm,密被黄色柔毛;聚伞花序,有花5~10朵,两性花,白色,花瓣5~9枚,多为5枚,花径1.5~2.0 cm,萼片卵形,雄蕊20枚左右,不等长,雌蕊极多;聚合果,直径3~5 cm,鲜红色或白色、粉红色,瘦果尖卵形,光滑,自然花期4 — 5月,果期6 — 7月[6 - 7 ]。草莓原产于南美,我国各地及欧洲等地广为栽培,宜生长于肥沃、疏松中性或微酸性的土壤中。草莓浆果芳香多汁,酸甜适口,果肉营养丰富,富含多种维生素和人体必需的矿物质元素,具有极高的营养价值,素有“浆果皇后”的美称,是深受人们喜爱的水果之一[8 ]。……

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