李丽 刘莉莉 尚虎山 曹占凤 魏晓萌 秦飞

摘要：为了研究活体植物搭架对药用党参产量和经济效益的影响及对根系病害的降低效应，采用随机区组设计，以常规不搭架和人工竹子搭架为对照，设蚕豆、油葵、谷子3种活体植物搭架方式，研究了活体植物搭架对党参生长和产量的影响。结果表明，活体植物搭架的党参产量均高于人工竹子搭架和常规不搭架，且收获的相应活体植物蚕豆、油葵和谷子增收均在1 000元/hm2以上。党参产量以蚕豆搭架最高，其次是油葵搭架，谷子搭架排第3，分别为6 119.2、5 985.8、5 865.5 kg/hm2；產值分别为48 953.6、47 886.4、46 924.0元/hm2。综合性状表明，蚕豆搭架的党参地上部和根系农艺性状较好，增产作用大，经济纯收益高，特级和一级品党参的生产率高，根腐病发病率和病情指数低。因此，蚕豆搭架栽培有利于提高党参的产量，适宜在高寒二阴区推广应用。

关键词：党参；活体植物；搭架；产量；影响

中图分类号：S567                文献标志码：A               文章编号：2097-2172（2023）11-1046-005

doi：10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2023.11.013

Effects of Plant Scaffolding Cultivation on the Yields of

Medicinal Codonopsis pilosula

LI Li 1， LIU Lili 1， SHANG Hushan 1， CAO Zhanfeng 2， WEI Xiaomeng 2， QIN Fei 3

（1. Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Dingxi Gansu 743000， China; 2. Gansu Economic Crop Technology Extension Station，Lanzhou Gansu 730000， China; 3. Gansu Weishuiyuan Pharmacy Technology Co.， Ltd.， Weiyuan Gansu 748200， China）

Abstract： In order to study the effects of plant scaffolding cultivation technique on yields， economic return and reduction of root diseases of medicinal Codonopsis pilosula， a randomized block design was used to design the scaffolding technology treatments with broad bean， oil sunflower and millet. The conventional non-scaffolding （CK1） and artificial bamboo scaffolding technology （CK2） were used as controls， and the effects of plant scaffolding on the growth and yield of Codonopsis pilosula were studied. Results showed that yields in plant scaffolding were all higher than these of the two controls and the harvest of scaffolding crop could all generate an extra income of over 1 000 Yuan/ha on average. Yield in broad bean scaffolding was the highest， followed by oil sunflower scaffolding and millet scaffolding， which were 6 119.2， 5 985.8 and 5 865.5 kg/ha， respectively， and the economic return was 48 953.6， 47 886.4 and 46 924.0 Yuan/ha， respectively. To sum up， the above ground and root agronomic characters of Codonopsis pilosula planted on broad bean were ideal， which showed large yield increase， high economic net income， high productivity of super grade and first grade Codonopsis pilosula， and low incidence rate and disease index of root rot. Therefore， the cultivation of broad bean scaffolding is beneficial for increasing the yield of Codonopsi spilosula， and is suitable for promotion and application in alpine humid regions.

Key words： Codonopsis pilosula （Franch.） Nannf; Living plant; Scaffolding; Yield; Influence

收稿日期：2022 - 10 - 24；修订日期：2023 - 08 - 26

基金项目：国家自然科学基金（31960395）；甘肃省科技重点研发计划（20YF8NJ166）；定西市重点技术攻关专项（DX2023AZ16）；定西市科技计划项目（DX2023BZ89）。

作者简介：李   丽（1990 — ），女，甘肃陇西人，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事药用植物选育栽培方面的研究。Email： 1007807015@qq.com。

通信作者：尚虎山（1981— ），男，甘肃安定人，副研究员，主要从事道地中药材新品种选育及旱地作物栽培工作。Email： 94789137@qq.com。

药用党参Codonopsis pilosula（Franch.）Nannf是常用大宗中药材之一，常用于脾肺气虚、食少倦怠、咳嗽虚喘、面色萎黄等症，具有健脾益肺、养血生津的功效［1 ］。甘肃省定西市是全国药用党参药材的主要产区，产量居全国之首，种植面积约1.7万hm2［2 - 3 ］。……