付雪蛟　吕小红　付立东　全革　王柏秋

摘  要：采用小区对比方法，在施氮量0～270 kg/hm2范围内，探讨水稻新品种盐粳219产量及品质对施氮量的响应，明确适宜的施氮量，为其优质高产施肥提供指导依据。结果表明，施氮处理中，随着施氮量的增加，盐粳219的株高、净光合速率、结实率、纹枯病的染病程度以及糙米率、精米率、整精米率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量呈增加趋势，成穗率、穗粒数、千粒重表现出降低趋势。施氮180 kg/hm2、210 kg/hm2、240 kg/hm2、270 kg/hm2处理分别比0 kg/hm2处理增产48.03%、52.91%、58.86%、63.71%，但稻米食味值分别较0 kg/hm2处理降低1.0、1.6、4.3、6.6分。兼顾产量与品质并结合大面积示范结果，建议滨海稻区水稻新品种盐粳219优质稳产栽培的适宜氮肥（N）量为180～210 kg/hm2，高产优质栽培的适宜施氮（N）量可增至240～270 kg/hm2。

关键词：水稻；食味；施氮量；产量；品质

Response of Yield and Quality of the New Rice Variety Yangeng-219 with

High Taste Value to Nitrogen Application

FU Xue-jiao ， LV Xiao-hong* ， FU Li-dong ， QUAN Ge ， WANG Bai-qiu

（Liaoning Institute of Saline-Alkali Land Utilization， Panjin Liaoning 124010， China）

Absrtact： In order to define the suitable amount of nitrogen application and provide guidance for high-quality and high-yield fertilization，the response of yield and quality of new rice variety Yangeng-219 with high taste value to nitrogen application was studied in the range of 0-270 kg/hm2 by plot contrast method. The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application， the plant height， net photosynthetic rate， seed setting rate， infection degree of sheath blight， brown rice rate， milled rice rate， head rice rate， chalkiness degree， amylose content and protein content of Yangeng-219 showed an increasing trend， and its panicle percentage， grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight showed a decreasing trend within the N treatments.The yield under treatments of 180 kg/hm2， 210 kg/hm2， 240 kg/hm2， 270 kg/hm2 increased by 48.03%，52.91%，58.86% and 63.71% compared with the treatment of 0 kg/hm2， but the rice taste value decreased by 1.0，1.6，4.3 and 6.6 points respectively. Taking into account both yield and quality， and combining with the results of large-scale demonstration， it was suggested that the suitable nitrogen fertilizer amount for high-quality and stable-yield cultivation of new rice variety Yangeng-219 was （N）180～210 kg/hm2， the suitable nitrogen application rate （N） for high-yield and high-quality cultivation could be increased to 240～270 kg/hm2.

Key words： Rice; Taste value; Nitrogen application; Yield; Quality

鹽粳219是辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所选育的高产、多抗、优质食味水稻新品种（审定编号：辽审稻20200030）；2 a区域试验平均产量9.137 t/hm2，比对照增产4.8%，生产试验平均产量9.281 t/hm2，比对照增产2.3%；该品种达到了国家优质米一级标准，并在2020年荣获了第三届全国优质稻品种食味品质鉴评（粳稻）金奖，目前在盘锦稻区大面积推广应用。氮肥是水稻生长发育所必需的三大营养元素之一，对水稻产量和品质影响较大，适时适量施入氮素可促进水稻生长发育，促进水稻增产与稻米品质的稳定，但过量施入尤其是水稻生育后期增加施氮量对水稻的抗病性、产量、品质均有不利影响[1-4]。学者们在关于施氮量对水稻产量和品质影响方面已做了大量研究[5-8]，但因研究地土壤状况或作物品种特性不同，水稻的适宜施氮量暂时尚无定论[9]，针对特定地区和品种，如何合理施氮还应进一步研究。……