杨绍华　桂毅杰　陈睿　周淑芬　陈在杰　刘华清　王锋

摘 要：分蘖角度是水稻重要的株型性状，合适分蘖角是实现水稻高产的关键因素。针对控制水稻分蘖角度的主效基因TAC1的功能位点，设计了基于STARP（Semi-thermal asymmetric reverse PCR）技术的特异性分子标记S-TAC1，并对56份已测序常规水稻品种及164份杂交水稻进行了基因型鉴定。S-TAC1准确地鉴定了56个已测序常规品种的基因型，紧凑纯合基因型tac1/tac1 36份，松散纯合型TAC1/TAC1 20份，表明S-TAC1分型结果准确可靠。在164份杂交水稻中，杂合基因型

TAC1/tac1 62份，松散纯合型TAC1/TAC1 102份。本研究开发的功能标记为通过分子标记辅助选择培育理想株型的水稻品种提供了技术支撑。

关键词：水稻；TAC1基因；分子标记；STARP（Semi-thermal asymmetric reverse PCR）技术

中图分类号：S 511 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2023）04-0007-05

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2023.04.002

Development of STARP Markers for TAC1 Gene in Rice andAnalysis of TAC1 Genotypes in

164 Hybrid Rice

YANG Shao-hua， GUI Yi-ie， CHEN Rui， ZHOU Shu-feng， CHEN Zai-jie， LIU Hua-qing， WANG Feng

（Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Engineering / Institute of Biotechnology，Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Fuzhou， Fujian 350003， China）

Abstract： The tillering angle was an important plant type trait of rice， and the suitable tillering angle was the key factor to achieve the high yield of rice. The specific molecular marker S-TAC1 based on STARP （Semi-thermal asymmetric reverse PCR） technology was designed for the functional site of TAC1， which was the major efficiency gene controlling the tillering angle of rice， and the genotype identification of 56 sequenced conventional rice varieties and 164 hybrid rice varieties were conducted. S-TAC1 accurately identified the genotypes of 56 sequenced conventional varieties， including 36 compact homozygous genotypes tac1/tac1 and 20 incompact homozygous genotypes TAC1/TAC1， which indicated that the S-TAC1 typing results were accurate and reliable. Among 164 hybrid rice varieties， 62 were heterozygous genotypes TAC1/tac1 and 102 were incompact homozygous genotypes TAC1/TAC1. The functional markers developed in this study provided technical support for the cultivation of rice varieties with ideal plant type by molecular marker-assisted selection.

Key words： Rice； TAC1 gene； Molecular marker； STARP （Semi-thermal asymmetric reverse PCR） technology

分蘗角度是指分蘖与主茎之间的夹角，是水稻最直观的农艺性状之一。较大的分蘖角有利于单个分蘖获得更充足的光照，以及良好的通风透气性，但不利于水稻密植，降低了单位面积产量；紧凑型水稻由于分蘖间空间过小，导致光合效率降低，且不利于通风透气，增加了纹枯病等病害的感病概率。因此培育分蘖角度合适的理想株型水稻品种是实现高产的关键因素之一。目前，已明确功能的水稻分蘖角控制基因包含有PROG1[1-2]、LPA1[3]、LAZY1[4]、LAZY2[5]、LAZY3[6]、OsLIC[7]、TIG1[8]、TAC1[9]、TAC3[10]和TAC4[11]等。在上述已克隆基因中，大多在野生稻或突变体中克隆获得，匍匐生长或分蘖角度过大，在栽培稻中缺乏应用价值。TAC1基因是籼稻和粳稻分化的重要基因，粳稻中紧凑型的tac1基因位于3′UTR的内含子剪切位点由A突变为G，导致mRNA的稳定性降低，从而导致分蘖角降低[9]。……