柯丽娜　袁烽　陈炎腾　赖志斌　连燕萍　陈天赐　余松金

摘 要：为探究杏鲍菇工厂化生产中，采用液体菌种栽培杏鲍菇不同后熟期对菌丝生长的影响，以杏鲍菇液体菌种接种的菌包为试验对象，对比4个不同后熟期对杏鲍菇生长情况、农艺性状以及产量和生物学效率的影响。试验结果表明：杏鲍菇生长最好的是后熟期10 d，菌丝表现洁白健壮，菌包结实，现蕾时间为5 d、采收时间为18 d，出菇整齐一致，菇体大小均匀，单菇重为253 g，商品菇比例最高达79.01%，商品菇生物学效率最高达75.6%及总生物学效率最高达95.74%。综上分析表明，杏鲍菇工厂化栽培过程中，采用液体菌种栽培杏鲍菇以在菌丝长满菌袋后再后熟10 d最为合适。

关键词：杏鲍菇；工厂化；液体菌种；后熟期

中图分类号：S 646 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2023）04-0048-04

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2023.04.007

Effect of Different After-ripening Stages of Pleurotus eryngii Cultured withLiquid Strains on Its Mycelial Growth and Yield

KE Li-na1， YUAN Feng2， CHEN Yan-teng3， LAI Zhi-bin1， LIAN Yan-ping1， CHEN Tian-ci1， YU Song-jin1

（1. Zhangzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences， Zhangzhou， Fujian 363005， China; 2. College of

Mushrooms， Suizhou Vocational & Technical College， Suizhou， Hubei 441300， China;

3. Fujian Zhongyan Mushroom Industry Co.， Ltd.， Zhangzhou， Fujian 363803， China）

Abstract： In order to explore the effect of different after-ripening stages of Pleurotus eryngii cultured with liquid strains on the mycelial growth in the industrial production of Pleurotus eryngii， by taking the fungi bags inoculated with the liquid strains of Pleurotus eryngii as the test object， the effects of four different after-ripening stages on the growth， agronomic traits， yield and biological efficiency of Pleurotus eryngii were compared. The results showed that： the best growth of Pleurotus eryngii was 10 days after ripening， when the mycelium was white and robust， the fungi bags were firm， the budding time was 5 days， and the harvesting time was 18 days. The producing mushroom was neat and consistent， the size of mushrooms was uniform， the weight of single mushroom was 253 g， and the proportion of commercial mushrooms was up to 79.01%. The biological efficiency of commercial mushroom was up to 75.6% and the total biological efficiency was up to 95.74%. In summary， the analysis showed that in the process of industrial cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii， it was the most appropriate to use the liquid bacterial strains to cultivate Pleurotus eryngii for 10 days of subsequent ripening after the mycelium overgrew the fungi bags.

Key words： Pleurotus eryngii； Factory； Liquid strain； After-ripening stage

杏鲍菇Pleurotus eryngii属真菌界，担子菌门，伞菌纲，伞菌目，侧耳科，侧耳属真菌[1]。营养丰富[2]，含有丰富的氨基酸、多糖、维生素及一些矿物质元素钾、镁、钙、钠等

[3]，具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、降血脂等多种功效[4]，深受消费者喜爱。后熟期是杏鲍菇菌丝从营养生长到生殖生长的过渡阶段[5]，后熟期管理是影响杏鲍菇高产稳产的关鍵因素之一[6]。张引芳等[7]指出后熟期合适，杏鲍菇现原基早，子实体数量多、商品菇所占比例高、产量最高。关于后熟期研究主要集中在固体接种的栽培菌包，如真姬菇[8]、杏鲍菇[9]、白灵侧耳[10]、斑玉蕈[11]等，关于液体菌种栽培杏鲍菇的后熟期管理鲜见相关的报道。漳州是杏鲍菇工厂化生产的主产区[12]，随着杏鲍菇产业的发展，对杏鲍菇栽培工艺、产量、品质提出了更高的要求。……