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饮食在痤疮发病机制中的作用

2023-04-13李岩峰房祥芳王忠永

医学美学美容 2023年2期

李岩峰 房祥芳 王忠永

【摘 要】痤疮是临床上常见的皮肤病之一,临床表现为面部粉刺、丘疹、脓疱,反复发作会遗留色素沉着或瘢痕,严重影响患者的生理、心理和社会交往。目前,临床关于痤疮的发病机制尚未完全明确,普遍认为皮脂腺分泌过度、毛囊皮脂腺导管角化异常、痤疮丙酸杆菌及炎症与免疫因素是主要病机。而饮食与痤疮的关系尚存在争议,因此本文结合现有相关文献,介绍了饮食对胰岛素样生长因子-1、皮脂腺、炎症、皮肤微生物群以及痤疮丙酸杆菌的影响,旨在为痤疮患者的正确、合理饮食和预防提供指导。

【关键词】痤疮;饮食;痤疮丙酸杆菌;皮肤屏障

中图分类号:R758.73+3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1004-4949(2023)02-0147-04

The Role of Diet in the Pathogenesis of Acne

LI Yan-feng, FANG Xiang-fang, WANG Zhong-yong

(Department of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China)

【Abstract】Acne is one of the common skin diseases in clinic. The clinical manifestations are facial acne, papules and pustules. Repeated episodes will leave pigmentation or scars, which seriously affect the patient’s physiological, psychological and social interaction. At present, the clinical pathogenesis of acne is not completely clear. It is generally believed that excessive secretion of sebaceous glands, abnormal keratinization of hair follicle sebaceous ducts, Propionibacterium acnes, inflammation and immune factors are the main pathogenesis. However, the relationship between diet and acne is still controversial. Therefore, this article introduces the effects of diet on insulin-like growth factor-1, sebaceous glands, inflammation, skin microbiota and Propionibacterium acnes based on the existing literature, aiming to provide guidance for the correct and reasonable diet and prevention of acne patients.

【Key words】Acne; Diet; Propionibacterium acnes; Skin barrier

痤瘡(ance)是一种全球范围内好发的慢性炎症性皮肤病,其发病率高达9.4%,对患者的外貌及心理产生较大影响。发病地域上,西欧、高收入亚太地区和东亚地区的发病率更高;在发病年龄上,青春期的男性发病率更高,且发生重度痤疮的几率更大。目前认为痤疮发病机制主要包括皮脂分泌过多、毛囊皮脂腺导管角化异常、痤疮丙酸杆菌等毛囊微生物增殖及炎症和免疫反应等[1]。此外,饮食、运动、职业、气候、生活方式等环境暴露因素在痤疮发病中的作用也逐渐引起人们的重视。相关研究显示[2],超过50%的痤疮患者与饮食相关,且痤疮的严重程度与面部皮脂分泌有关;痤疮的发生与饮食有密切的关系,推测高脂或高碳水化合物的食物可能会通过增加血脂水平或产生较少的皮脂来产生更多粉刺,从而加重痤疮。……

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