代华风，明国忠， 赵勇， 陈涛，张忠举

摘要：‘山农酥梨’是山东农业大学陈学森教授从‘汤山酥梨’ב新梨7号’杂交后代选育出的优质晚熟耐贮藏的梨新品种，2015年通过了品种认定。2019年在肥城市汶阳镇宋孝门村引进栽培，经过3 a试栽观察，‘山农酥梨’果实卵圆形，两头尖中间圆，果面金黄色有斑点，套袋果果面光滑整洁;果实大，平均单果质量450 g，最大单果质量可达1 280 g;皮薄，果核小，果核处无酸味，果肉白色，质地细密，果实可溶性固形物质量分数15%以上，口感汁多味美;成花力强，异花授粉坐果率高，结果早，丰产性强，抗逆性强，晚熟，果实品质极佳，适宜大面积推广种植。

关键词：山农酥梨;引种表现;栽培技术

文章编号：2096-8108（2022）03-0091-03中图分类号：S661.2文献标识码：A

Introduction and Cultivation Technique of Shannong Pear in Feicheng of Shandong Province

DAI Huafeng1， MING Guozhong2， ZHAO Yong3， CHEN Tao4， ZHANG Zhongju5

（1.Forestry Protection and Development Center of Feicheng City， Feicheng 271600，China;

2.Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center of Wenyang Town， Feicheng City， Shandong Province， Feicheng 271606，China;

3.Forestry Protection and Development Center of Taian City， Taian 271000，China;

4.Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center of Chaoquan Town， Feicheng City， Shandong Province， Feicheng 271614，China;

5.Feicheng Peach Industry Development Center， Feicheng City， Shandong Province， Feicheng 271600，China）

Abstract：Shannong pear is a new pear cultivar with high quality and late ripening and storage resistance bred by Professor Chen Xuesen of Shandong Agricultural University from ‘Tangshansu pear’בXinli No.7’ hybrid progeny. The cultivar was identified in 2015.In 2019， the cultivar was introduced in Songxiaomen Village， Wenyang Town， Feicheng City. After three years of planting observation， the fruit of Shannongsu pear was oval， with two tips rounded in the middle， with golden yellow spots on the fruit surface. Its surface was smooth and neat. The fruit was large， with an average single fruit weight of 450 g and a maximum single fruit weight of 1 280 g; thin skin， small fruit core， no sour taste near the fruit core， white flesh， more than 15% soluble solid content in fruit， and delicious taste; strong flowering ability， high fruit setting rate of cross-pollination， early fruit， high yield， strong resistance， late ripening， excellent fruit quality， suitable for large-scale promotion and planting.

Keywords：Shannongsu pear; introduction performance; cultivation technique

‘山农酥梨’是山东农业大学陈学森教授从‘汤山酥梨’ב新梨7号’杂交后代中选育出的优质晚熟耐贮藏品种，2015年通过了品种审定。目前肥城市梨栽培面积较小，品种单一，为优化种植结构，丰富鲜食梨品种，延长梨的供应周期，2019年开始引种‘山农酥梨’，经过3 a引种试栽观察，树体生长良好，果实综合性状优良，经济效益高，是一个具有良好发展前景的晚熟品种，现将其引种表现及栽培技术总结如下。

1引种地概况

引种地位于山东省肥城市汶阳镇宋孝门村种植基地，土壤为棕壤土，pH值7.2～7.4，土层深厚，有机质含量1.2%，当地年平均气温14 ℃，年降水量680 mm左右，无霜期176～200 d，气候条件适宜，对梨树的生长较为有利。园地平整，水浇条件良好，交通便利。‘山农酥梨’引进栽植面积20 hm2，砧木为杜梨，宽行密植栽培，株行距为2 m×4 m，采用紡锤形树形，以‘新梨7号’‘新慈香’等花期相遇的品种作为授粉树。……