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基于NPP-VIIRS夜光数据的北京市建成区提取和分析

2021-12-13鹿一凡孙国栋冯子元吴晨泽张文璇程琳琳

科技资讯 2021年27期

鹿一凡 孙国栋 冯子元 吴晨泽 张文璇 程琳琳

摘要:一般的统计方法难以把握城市扩张的动态变化,而利用夜光遥感监测能够准确、高效地得出结论。该文利用对数变换后的NPP-VIIRS数据通过突变检测法提取2013—2018年北京市建成区边界,计算其几何统计特征,与中国城市统计年鉴数据对比,采用扩展速率、紧凑度、分形维数等指标分析北京市向外扩张特点。得出结论,北京市建成区扩张趋于稳定,中心城区发展较完善,城市由向外扩张型发展,逐渐转化为高质量发展,符合相关政策。

关键词:NPP-VIIRS突变检测法对数变换建成区扩张

中图分类号: P237文献标识码:A        文章编号:1672-3791(2021)09(C)-0000-00

Extraction and Analysis of Built-up Areas in Beijing Based on NPP-VIIRS LuminousData Set

LU Yifan  SUN Guodong  FENG Ziyuan  WU Chenze  ZHANG Wenxuan  CHENG Linlin*

(China University of Mining And Technology(Beijing),Beijing,100083 China)

Abstract:General statistical methods are difficult to grasp the dynamic changes of urban expansion, but with the use of luminous remote sensing data set, one can monitor and draw conclusions accurately and efficiently. This paper uses the logarithmically transformed NPP-VIIRS data set to extract the boundary of Beijing built-up area from 2013 to 2018 by mutation detection method, calculate its geometric statistical characteristics, compare it with the data in China's urban statistical yearbook, and analyze the outward expansion characteristics of Beijing by using indicators such as expansion rate, compactness and fractal dimension. It is concluded that the expansion of built-up area in Beijing tends to be stable, and the development of the central city is relatively perfect. The development of the city from outward expansion to high quality development is in line with relevant policies.

Key Words:NPP-VIIRS:Mutation detection:Logarithmic transformation:Urban built-up area expansion

城市作为人类活动的重要聚集地,推动了地区经济与社会的发展,是人类社会文明进步的产物[1]。城市化指社会由乡村型社会向城市型社会的转变,其反映了国家在经济、社会、文化等领域的发展水平,其中城市范围的扩张是城市化进程研究的重要指标[2]。北京作为我国首都,是向世界展示中国的首要窗口。北京城市总体规划(2016—2035年)[3]指出,北京市总体空间布局上呈现“一核一主一副、两轴多点一区”的城市空间结构。

城市建成区提取的关键在于确定最佳分割阈值,目前基于夜间灯光数据获取最佳阈值的方法主要包括经验阈值法、突变检测法、参考比较法和高分辨率影像空间比较法。其中突变检测法相较于其他方法,自动化程度高、人工干扰小,提取的建成区范围更接近于实际情况,具有较高的可实现性和较高的精度,较为常用[4]。……

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