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木豆遗传多样性及抗逆机制研究进展

2021-12-08唐军,王文强,丁西朋,马向丽,毕玉芬,郭凤根

热带作物学报 2021年10期

唐军,王文强,丁西朋,马向丽,毕玉芬,郭凤根

摘  要:木豆是世界第六大食用豆类,用途非常广泛。木豆遗传多样性非常丰富,植物种质资源特性与其抗逆性密切相关。本综述重点介绍国内外木豆种质资源遗傳多样性、抗逆生理生化指标及机制研究进展,同时对木豆产业化研究提出展望,为后期开展木豆抗逆研究及抗逆育种提供参考依据。

关键词:木豆;遗传多样性;抗逆;生理生化指标

中图分类号:S541      文献标识码:A

Review of Research in Genetic Diversity and Mechanism of Stress Resistance of Pigeonpea

TANG Jun1,2, WANG Wenqiang2, DING Xipeng1, MA Xiangli1, BI Yufen1, GUO Fenggen1*

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China; 2. Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, Hainan 571737, China

Abstract: Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) is the sixth largest edible beans globally with extensive usages. The characteristics of pigeonpea germplasm resources are closely related to the stress resistance due to the rich genetic diversity. This paper summarized the research progresses on genetic diversity, physiological and biochemical indices and mechanisms of stress resistance of global pigeonpea studies order to provide references for the future researches on stress resistance and pigeonpea breeding. The industrialization prospects of pigeonpea are also proposed here.

Keywords: pigeonpea; genetic diversity; stress-resistance; physiology and biochemistry indices

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.10.007

木豆[Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]为豆科木豆属多年生常绿小灌木,株高1.5~3.0 m。木豆用途非常广泛,嫩茎叶可用作动物饲料,籽实可食用或药用,木豆为世界第六大食用豆类,也是唯一的木本食用豆类[1-2],还可用作水土保持和覆盖作物。木豆主要产区在中国、印度、缅甸、肯尼亚、中美洲和西印度群岛等国家或地区。全世界木豆种植面积约为480万hm2,92%分布于发展中国家,印度种植面积和总产量占绝大部分[3]。木豆属共有32种,我国有7种及1个变种,木豆是唯一一个栽培种。我国木豆栽培面积较小,主要分布于长江以南省(区),包括海南、广西、云南、广东、贵州、江西南部、四川干热河谷等地[4]。木豆育种以引进选育和杂交育种2种育种方法为主,杂种优势非常明显,通过杂交育成了多个品种,并已成功推广。自1974年发现木豆雄性不育株系以来,国际上不断对木豆核雄性不育(genic male sterility, GMS)和核质互作雄性不育(cytoplasmic-nucleic male sterility, CGMS)基因及其种质资源进行挖掘,并最终实现了木豆杂种优势的成功利用[5]。木豆育种体系较为完善,豆科作物杂种优势利用的研究成果已突显豆科作物杂种优势利用的前景[6-7]。……

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