金属材料热处理的节能新技术运用
2021-11-27王婷
王婷
DOI:10.16661/j.cnki.1672-3791.2109-5042-2308
摘 要:随着社会经济与科技的发展,各行各业对金属的需求量不断增加,金属材料热处理过程中,金属材料表面形态和内部化学成分组织经过正火、退火、回火、淬火加工工艺下发生改变,进而金属将拥有全新性能。当前,热处理问题在于热处理期间耗费许多电力能源,与我国主张的节能减排战略目标不符,进而真空、激光、化学、振动时效等处理技术得以研发,各项技术被应用在不同金属材料热处理情况下,不仅提高了金属材料热处理质量和效率,还促进了节能减排目标的实现。
关键词:金属材料 热处理 节能 新技术
中图分类号:TB741 文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-3791(2021)08(a)-0074-03
Application of New Energy-saving Technology in Heat Treatment of Metal Materials
WANG Ting
(Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, 712000 China)
Abstract: With the development of social economy and science and technology, the demand for metal in all walks of life is increasing. During the heat treatment of metal materials, the surface morphology and internal chemical composition and organization of metal materials are changed through normalizing, annealing, tempering and quenching processes, and then the metal will have new properties. At present, the problem of heat treatment is that heat treatment consumes a lot of electric energy, which is inconsistent with the strategic goal of energy saving and emission reduction advocated by our country, the application of various technologies in different metal materials heat treatment not only improves the quality and efficiency of metalmaterials heat treatment, but also promotes the realization of energy saving and emission reduction.
Key Words: Metal materials; Heat treatment; Energy saving; New technique
1 国内金属材料熱处理生产现状
机械制造业的发展与崛起,对金属材料热处理行业发展起到推动作用。当前,我国各地区金属材料热处理企业规模不断扩大,相关研究结果显示:国内金属热处理企业超过1.5万家,从事生产的工人临近45万。金属材料热处理过程中,所耗能源巨大,且容易对周边环境造成污染,尤其是一些生产企业仍沿袭传统热处理工艺,在生产量逐年增加背景下,消耗量也越来越大,金属材料热处理电力耗能占总能耗25%左右[1]。而一些发达国家因为开展金属材料热处理技术研究较早,所以在相同能源消耗下,其产量远远高于国内行业产量,甚至超过其数倍,工艺和技术不合理的使用,给金属材料热处理企业带来一定损失。从节能角度上看,相对于金属热处理企业,其他行业节能技术研发较早,技术水平远远超过金属热处理行业。……
